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Measurement of root growth angle (RGA) in seminal roots at the seedling stage and in excavated roots of field-grown plants at the end of flowering. The two parental genotypes Colosseo and Lloyd, highly contrasted for RGA at both stages, are shown as an example. Direct measurements were carried out for seminal root RGA, while software-aided digital measurements were carried out for adult root systems (REST software). (This figure is available in colour at JXB online.)
