Table 4.
Main QTL clusters for root system architecture (RSA) traits identified across RIL (linkage mapping), Unibo-DP (association mapping), and projected wheat QTLs from other studies
Seminal root growth angle (RGA) QTLs are not included in the table.
| RSA QTL cluster | Chr. | Intervala (cM) | Main RSA traitb | Colosseo×Lloydc (trait) | Meridiano×Claudio (trait) | Unibo-DP (trait) | Wheat QTLs (trait, reference)d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RSA_QTL_cluster_1# e | 1AS | 0–20 | RL | – | PRV, TRV | TRN, TGW | TRL, TRS, TRV, LRN (Tt1) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_2# | 1BS | 0–25 | RL, RN | TRL, TRV | TRS, TRV | ARL, SL, TRL, TRN | TRL, TRS, TRV, LRN (Tt1), TRL (Ta10) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_3# | 1BS | 30–50 | RL, RN | – | ARL, TRL | TGW | LRN (Tt1), TRN (Ta3), TRL (Ta6), TDW, SDW, RDW, TRN (Ta7), RDW (Tt11) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_4# | 2AL | 190–210 | RL, RN, RGA | – | TRV, LRN, TGW | ARL, TRL, TRN, PRL, TGW, RGA | – |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_5# | 2BS | 0–20 | RL | ARL, PRL, TRL, TRS | – | ARL, SL, PRL, TRL, TGW | TRL, PRL, LRL, qTaLRO-B1 (Ta2-9) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_6# | 2BL | 120–150 | RL, RN | ARL, PRD, PRL, Rt6, TRN | ARL, PRL, TRS | TGW | RGA, TRS, PRS (Ta6), TDW, SDW, MRL (Ta7), RDM, TRL (Ta10) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_7# | 2BL | 155–185 | RL, RN, RGA | – | RDW, SL, RGA | ARL, PRL, TRL, TRN | SL (Ta7) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_8# | 3AS | 30–40 | RL, RN | – | SL | ARL, PRL, TRL, TRN | – |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_9# | 3AL | 100–135 | RL | – | – | ARL, PRL, TRL, TGW | TRL, TRS, TRV (Tt1), LRL, LRV, LRS (Ta5), MRL (Ta7), PRL (Ta9) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_10# | 3BS | 0–10 | RL | – | PRS | ARL, PRL, SL, TRL, TGW | – |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_11# | 3BL | 70–100 | RL, RN | – | ARL, TRL | – | TRL, TRV, LRV, LRS (Ta5), TRL, PRL, LRV, TRS, TRN, RGA (Ta6) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_12# | 4BL | 65–105 | RL, RN | Rt6, PRL, TRN, RGA | Rt6, PRL, TRL, TRV, TRN, PRS, RGA | TRN | TRL, PRS (Ta6) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_13# | 5AS | 25–65 | RL, RN | Rt6, PRL, TRN | – | – | TRV, TRS, SDW, TGW (Ta5), TRN (Ta6), TRN (Ta7), TRN (Ta8) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_14# | 5AL | 100–140 | RL, RN | – | LRN, SDW | ARL, PRL, TRL | – |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_15# | 6AL | 55–75 | RL | – | – | ARL, PRL, SL, TRL, TRN | RDM/TDM (Ta10) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_16# | 6AL | 100–130 | RL | ARL, TRL | PRL, TRL, PRS, TRS, PRV | TRL | SDW (Ta7), PVRN, RPindex (Tt11) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_17# | 6BL | 75–100 | RL, RN, SL | ARL, TRD, SL | ARL, PRL, PRS, ARL, Rt6 | TRL | MRL (Ta7) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_18# | 7AL | 100–120 | RL, RN | – | PRD, PRV, TRS | PRL | TRN (Ta6) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_19# | 7BL | 155–175 | RL | – | PRS, PRL | PRL, RGA | TRL (Ta6), RDW, SDW, TDW, MRL (Ta7) |
| RSA_QTL_cluster_20# | 7BL | 185–220 | RL | TRL, TRS, ARL | – | – | TDW, RDW (Ta7), LRN/PRL (Ta10) |
a Chromosome interval refers to the tetraploid wheat consensus map (Maccaferri et al., 2015).
b Main RSA trait acronyms: RL, root length; RN, root number; RGA, root growth angle.
c Root trait acronyms: TGW, thousand grain weight; TRN, total root number; Rt6, presence of the sixth root; TRL, total root length; ARL, average root length; LRN, lateral root number on the seminal primary root; RGA, root growth angle; SL, shoot length; SDW, shoot dry weight; RDW, root dry weight; RSR, root to shoot ratio.
d Literature references are listed in full in Supplementary Fig. S2.
e The QTL cluster acronyms have been differentiated from the nomenclature currently used for single-trait QTLs by using consecutive numbering followed by the # symbol.