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. 2016 Feb 18;23(1):34–41. doi: 10.3747/co.23.2806

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

The canonical Wnt signalling pathway. (A) To activate the canonical Wnt signalling pathway, Wnt ligands bind the Frizzled and Lrp5/6 receptors and promote the stabilization of β-catenin after the recruitment and destruction of axin\APC\GSK3 complex. The activated β-catenin enters into the nucleus and induces the expression of Wnt target genes. APC = adenomatous polyposis coli; GSK3 = glycogen synthase kinase 3; PP2A = protein phosphatase 2A; GPB = GSK3 binding protein; CBP = CREB binding protein; Tcf = T-cell–specific transcription factor. (B) In the absence of Wnt ligands, the axin\APC\GSK3 complex leads to the proteasomal degradation of β-catenin after phosphorylation mediated by casein kinase 1α (CK1α). DKK = Dickkopf Wnt signalling pathway inhibitor; P = Phosphoryl group.