Table 1.

Summary of the gene expression studies described in section III (see text for details).

Model	Exposure	Strain/line	Source	Gene categories, pathways, genes	Ref.
human	alcoholic		PFC	myelination, protein trafficking, ubiquitination, mitochondrial function	(143, 144, 147)

human	alcoholic		PFC	myelination, ubiquitination, apoptosis, cell adhesion, neurogenesis, neural disease, presenilin 1, transferrin, GABA-B receptor 1	(83)

human	alcoholic		PFC	DNA-binding proteins (transcription factors and repair proteins), mitochondrial proteins, neuroprotection, apoptosis	(148)
human	alcoholic		NAc	synaptic vesicle formation, cytoarchitecture	(148)

human	cirrhotic		PFC	astrocytes-related	(163)

mouse	naïve	HAFT/LAFT	whole brain	NMDA receptor phosphorylation, synaptic trafficking, glutamate receptor delta-2 subunit signal transduction cascade, ephrin B3 ligand, NMDA receptor	(122)

mouse	naïve	multiple	whole brain	mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, transcription regulation pathways, beta-2-microglobulin, mannosidase, alpha2B 1, Scn4b, MAP RP/EB 1, protein kinase C epsilon, somatostatin, immunity/cellular defense, glycosylation, ion-channel activity, microtubule, intracellular signaling, neuronal signaling	(206)

rat	naïve	AA/ANA	HIP	neuropeptide Y (NPY)	(208)
			NAc	MAP-kinases
			AMY	cytoskeleton, Gsk3b

rat	naïve	iP/iNP	HIP	cell growth/ adhesion, protein trafficking, regulation of gene expression, intracellular metabolism, intracellular signaling, synaptic function	(210)

rat	naïve	AA/ANA, P/NP	FC	mGluR3, calcium channel subunit alpha2delta1 (cacna2d1), VAMP2, syntaxin 1a / 1b, syntaxin binding protein 1 (MUNC-18)	(212)

rat	naïve	iP/iNP	various	axon guidance, gliogenesis, regulation of programmed cell death, regulation of synaptic structure and function, transmission of nerve impulses, biologic networks of neurotransmitters, intracellular messengers, neuroplastins, neurotrophins,transcription factors	(213)

mouse	alcohol inhalation	B6/D2	HIP	mitogen-activated protein kinase, Janus kinase/signal transducers / activators of transcription, Akt/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway, MAP kinase pathway	(119)

mouse	acute alcohol injection	B6/D2	PFC	glucocorticoid signaling, neurogenesis, myelination	(125)
			NAc	neuropeptide signaling, developmental genes, BDNF
			VTA	retinoic acid signaling

mouse	alcohol inhalation	WSP/WSR	PFC	cell death, DNA/RNA binding (females); protein degradation, calcium ion binding (males)	(215)

rat	intermittent alcohol	Wistar	AMY	glutamatergic, endocannabinoid, monoamine neurotransmission, mitogen-activated protein kinase	(220)

rat	chronic alcohol	Lewis	HIP	oxidative stress, dynein-associated polypeptides, dynamin-1, membrane trafficking genes	(120)

rat	MSA/CA/W	P	NAc	protein kinase activity, anti-apoptosis, regulation of G-protein coupled receptor signaling	(114)

rat	MSA/W	P	AMY, NAc	synaptic transmission, neurite development	(115)

rat	self adm. alcohol/ water	iP	NAc	ion transport, chemical homeostasis, synaptic transmission	(116)
	self adm. alcohol/ saccharine	iP	NAc	ion/chemical homeostasis, endocyctosis, myelination, neurogenesis, synaptic transmission
	self adm. alcohol/ water, alcohol/ saccharine	iP	NAc	caveolin 2, glutamic acid decarboxylase 1, GABA-A receptor beta 2, Homer 1, neurexin 3, synaptic transmission

rat	self-adm. alcohol	iP/iNP	various	CD81 molecule, nucleoporin like 1, phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein, aldehyde dehydrogenase 6 family	(221)

rat	2 bottle choice alcohol	HXB/ BXH	serum	presynaptic GABA release, postsynaptic GABA receptor trafficking, dopamine neuron activation, GABA synthesis, GABA receptors, dopaminergic neurotransmission	(109)

cultured cells	chronic alcohol	SH-SY5Y	neuroblastoma	noradrenalin production, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH), cAMP signaling, CREB function, cAMP pathway	(117)