. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Feb 15.

Published in final edited form as: J Drug Issues. 2012 Jul;42(3):298–316. doi: 10.1177/0022042612456017

Table 2.

The Impact of Drug Use and Selling on the Prevalence of Violence, Waves 4 to 9, Fixed-Effects Models

	Violence	Serious violence	Attack with a weapon	Hit someone to hurt them	Gang or posse fight	Throw object	Forcibly take money
Drug use	0.003 (0.002)	0.005^* (0.002)	0.003 (0.001)	0.001 (0.001)	0.002 (0.003)	0.006^* (0.003)	0.009 (0.008)
Drug selling	0.005 (0.003)	0.010^*** (0.003)	0.012^*** (0.003)	0.002 (0.002)	0.005 (0.004)	0.007^* (0.004)	0.015 (0.008)
Gang member	1.891^*** (0.204)	2.855^*** (0.242)	1.171^*** (0.262)	0.829^*** (0.177)	3.558^*** (0.331)	1.368^*** (0.248)	0.764 (0.874)
Drug sell × Gang	−0.001 (0.008)	−0.002 (0.008)	−0.004 (0.007)	0.013 (0.007)	0.006 (0.010)	−0.008 (0.009)	0.111 (0.102)
Age	−0.205^*** (0.049)	−0.317^*** (0.083)	−0.114 (0.097)	−0.123^* (0.049)	−0.638^*** (0.117)	−0.420^*** (0.091)	0.582 (0.376)
Model χ²	156.97	288.60	44.59	45.39	328.14	75.38	16.11

p < .05.

^**

p < .01.

^***

p < .001.