Table 2.
Phytohormone mutants involved in the defense response against Fo infection.
Hormones | Mutants and transgenic lines | Process affected | Plant species | Susceptibility | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SA | NahG | SA accumulation | Arabidopsis | Increased to Focn and Fol | Berrocal-Lobo and Molina, 2004; Diener and Ausubel, 2005; Thatcher et al., 2009; Trusov et al., 2009 |
sid2-1 | SA biosynthesis | Arabidopsis | Increased to Focn and Fol | Berrocal-Lobo and Molina, 2004; Diener and Ausubel, 2005 | |
eds1-1, eds1-22 | SA signaling | Arabidopsis | Unaltered to Focn and Fol | Berrocal-Lobo and Molina, 2004; Trusov et al., 2009 | |
eds3, eds4, eds10 | SA signaling | Arabidopsis | Increased to Focn | Diener and Ausubel, 2005 | |
eds5-1 | SA biosynthesis | Arabidopsis | Increased to Focn and Fol | Berrocal-Lobo and Molina, 2004; Diener and Ausubel, 2005; Thatcher et al., 2009; Trusov et al., 2009 | |
pad4-1 | SA signaling | Arabidopsis | Unaltered to Focn and Fol | Berrocal-Lobo and Molina, 2004 | |
pad4 | Increased to Focn | Diener and Ausubel, 2005 | |||
npr1-1 | SA perception | Arabidopsis | Increased to Focn and Fol | Berrocal-Lobo and Molina, 2004 | |
npr1-1, npr1-2, npr1-3, npr1-4 | SA perception | Arabidopsis | Unaltered to Focn | Diener and Ausubel, 2005; Trusov et al., 2009 | |
35S::NPR1 | SA perception | Tomato | Reduced to Fol | Lin et al., 2004 | |
hpSAMT | SA metabolism | Tomato | Reduced to Fol | Ament et al., 2010 | |
JA | aos, fad3-2, opr3 fad7-1 fad8 | JA biosynthesis | Arabidopsis | Unaltered to Focn | Thatcher et al., 2009 |
coi1, coi1-21 | JA perception | Arabidopsis | Reduced to Focn and Fomt, | Thatcher et al., 2009; Trusov et al., 2009; Cole et al., 2014 | |
jar1-1 | JA-Ile biosynthesis | Arabidopsis | Increased to Focn and Fol | Berrocal-Lobo and Molina, 2004; Trusov et al., 2009 | |
jar1-1 | Unaltered to Focn | Thatcher et al., 2009 | |||
jin1-9(atmyc2-3), jin1-9/myc2 | JA signaling | Arabidopsis | Reduced to Focn | Anderson et al., 2004; Trusov et al., 2009 | |
35S::AtERF2 | Positive regulator of MeJA response | Arabidopsis | Reduced to Focn | McGrath et al., 2005 | |
35S::AtERF4 | Negative regulator of MeJA response | Arabidopsis | Increased to Focn | McGrath et al., 2005 | |
pft1-1, med8 | JA signaling | Arabidopsis | Reduced to Focn | Kidd et al., 2009 | |
def1 | JA biosynthesis | Tomato | Increased to Forl and Fol | Thaler et al., 2004; Kavroulakis et al., 2007 | |
jai1 | JA perception (Coi1 homolog) | Tomato | Unaltered to Fol | Cole et al., 2014 | |
ET | ein2-1 | ET signaling | Arabidopsis | Reduced to Focn and Forp | Trusov et al., 2009; Cole et al., 2014 |
ein2, etr1 | ET signaling | Arabidopsis | Unaltered to Focn | Thatcher et al., 2009 | |
ein2-5 | ET signaling | Arabidopsis | Increased to Focn and Fol | Berrocal-Lobo and Molina, 2004 | |
etr1-1 | ET perception | Arabidopsis | Reduced to Forp | Pantelides et al., 2013 | |
35S::ERF1 | ET signaling | Arabidopsis | Reduced to Focn and Fol | Berrocal-Lobo and Molina, 2004 | |
Never ripe | ET perception | Tomato | Reduced to Fol | Lund et al., 1998; Francia et al., 2007 | |
Never ripe, epinastic (epi1) | ET signaling | Tomato | Unaltered to Forl | Kavroulakis et al., 2007 | |
ABA | aba1-6, aba2-1 | ABA biosynthesis | Arabidopsis | Reduced to Focn | Anderson et al., 2004; Trusov et al., 2009 |
aba2 | ABA biosynthesis | Arabidopsis | Reduced to Focn | Cole et al., 2014 | |
Auxin | cyp79b2 cyp79b3, atr4/sur2, myb51/hig1, atr1, atr2d, pad3 | auxin biosynthesis | Arabidopsis | Unaltered to Focn | Kidd et al., 2011 |
35S:ATR1/MYB34, atr1d, 35S:ATR2 | |||||
axr1, axr2, axr3, sgt1b | auxin signaling | Arabidopsis | Reduced to Focn | Kidd et al., 2011 | |
tir1 | auxin perception | Arabidopsis | Unaltered to Focn | Kidd et al., 2011 | |
arf1, arf2, arf1arf2 | auxin signaling | Arabidopsis | Reduced to Focn | Lyons et al., 2015 |