Table 3.

Overview of the available ED-tDCS literature.

Study	Subjects	Study Design	Anodal Site	Cathodal Site	Stimulation Intensity	Number of sessions	Primary Outcome	Findings
A
Fregni et al., 2008	n = 23, HC with urges to eat	Sham-controlled, crossover	R-DLPFC	L-DLPFC	2 mA, 20 min	1	Craving VAS, food consumption	Reduced craving in active tDCS, less consumption
Goldman et al., 2011	n = 19, HC with urges to eat	Sham-controlled, crossover	R-DLPFC	L-DLPFC	2 mA, 20 min	1	Craving VAS, Resist food	Reduced craving, increased ability to resist food
Kekic et al., 2014	n = 20, HC with urges to eat	Sham-controlled, crossover	R-DLPFC	L-DLPFC	2 mA, 20 min	1	Craving VAS	Reduced craving for sweet foods
Lapenta et al., 2014	n = 9, HC with urges to eat	Sham-controlled, crossover	R-DLPFC	L-DLPFC	2 mA, 20 min	1	Cue-induced food craving	Reduced food intake
B
Khedr et al., 2014	n = 7, AN	Open-Label	L-DLPFC	N/A	2 mA, 25 min	10, daily	EDI and EAT	Significant effect of time on EAT and EDI

A, tDCS studies related to food addiction and urges to eat; B, tDCS studies related to AN.

AN, anorexia nervosa; HC, healthy controls; EAT, eating attitudes test; EDI, eating disorder inventory; L-DLPFC, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; R-DLPFC, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; tDCS, transcranial direct current stimulation; VAS, visual analog scale.