. 2016 Feb 1;26(2):306–318. doi: 10.1089/thy.2015.0319

Table 3.

Sex-Specific Hazard Ratios and Confidence Intervals for Thyroid Cancer and Histological Subtypes According to Anthropometric Factors

	Papillary			Follicular			Medullary			Anaplastic
	No. cases	HR^a	CI	No. cases	HR^a	CI	No. cases	HR^a	CI	No. cases	HR^a	CI
Men
Height (per 5 cm)^b,c	396	1.02	0.95–1.10	131	1.09	0.97–1.23	29	1.16	0.90–1.50	19	1.11	0.81–1.51
Baseline BMI (per 5 kg/m²)^d	402	1.15	1.02–1.29	132	1.17	0.95–1.44	31	1.25^g	0.80–1.93	19	0.85^h	0.45–1.63
Waist circumference (per 5 cm)^e	198	1.04	0.97–1.11	62	1.02	0.90–1.15	12	0.99	0.74–1.32	7	0.80	0.53–1.20
Young-adult BMI (per 5 kg/m²)^d	238	1.27	1.05–1.54	81	0.90	0.61–1.31	12	1.17	0.47–2.94	12	1.33	0.56–3.17
Adulthood BMI gain (per 5 kg/m²)^f	238	1.24	1.05–1.46	81	1.24	0.92–1.66	12	0.97	0.43–2.22	12	1.12	0.51–2.46
Women
Height (per 5 cm)^b,c	1663	1.08	1.04–1.12	248	1.15	1.04–1.26	61	0.95	0.78–1.16	23	1.21	0.89–1.66
Baseline BMI (per 5 kg/m²)^d	1676	1.01	0.96–1.06	249	1.13	1.00–1.28	61	0.65^g	0.47–0.91	23	1.66^h	1.23–2.23
Waist circumference (per 5 cm)^e	802	1.01	0.98–1.04	139	1.07	1.00–1.15	35	0.84	0.71–0.99	9	1.22	0.96–1.56
Young-adult BMI (per 5 kg/m²)^d	481	1.10	0.95–1.27	100	1.15	0.84–1.59	16	0.58	0.20–1.70	7	1.43	0.51–4.04
Adulthood BMI gain (per 5 kg/m²)^f	481	1.03	0.94–1.14	100	1.01	0.81–1.25	16	0.41	0.19–0.86	7	2.13	1.20–3.78
Totalⁱ
Height (per 5 cm)^b,c	2059	1.07	1.03–1.10	379	1.13	1.04–1.21	90	1.02	0.87–1.20	42	1.17	0.94–1.46
Baseline BMI (per 5 kg/m²)^d	2078	1.03	0.98–1.08	381	1.14	1.02–1.26	92	0.80	0.62–1.03	42	1.43	1.09–1.89
Waist circumference (per 5 cm)^e	1000	1.01	0.98–1.04	201	1.06	1.00–1.13	47	0.87	0.76–1.01	16	1.07	0.86–1.32
Young-adult BMI (per 5 kg/m²)^d	719	1.16	1.03–1.30	181	1.03	0.80–1.32	28	0.86	0.44–1.69	19	1.38	0.71–2.67
Adulthood BMI gain (per 5 kg/m²)^f	719	1.08	0.99–1.17	181	1.09	0.92–1.30	28	0.59	0.34–1.00	19	1.60	1.01–2.54

Statistically significant values (p < 0.05) are shown in bold.

^{^a}

Adjusted for age (used as time metric), alcohol intake (0–9, 10–19, or ≥20 g of ethanol per day), physical activity level (cohort-specific tertiles), race/ethnicity (white, black, Asian, other), marital status (married/living together, divorced/separated, widowed, single/never married), education (high school or less, some college/post-high school training, college graduate), and smoking status (never, former, current), and stratified by cohort.

^{^b}

Additionally adjusted for baseline BMI (per 5 kg/m²).

^{^c}

Restricted to height values between 122 and 244 cm.

^{^d}

Restricted to BMI values between 15.0 and 59.9 kg/m².

^{^e}

Restricted to waist circumference values between 52 and 189 cm.

^{^f}

Additionally adjusted for young-adult BMI (per 5 kg/m²).

^{^g}

p = 0.02.

^{^h}

p = 0.03.

^ⁱ

Additionally adjusted for sex.