Expression kinetics after intramyocardial injection of FLNP/eGFPmodRNA in rats. (a) Expression of eGFP mRNA in rat myocardium measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction, from 6 hours to 14 days after intramyocardial injection of formulated lipidoid nanoparticles (FLNP) with 5 μg of eGFPmodRNA (n = 1–5 rats per time point, 19 total). Values represent eGFP mRNA expression levels relative to GAPDH, revealing a nearly exponential decay in mRNA with time postinjection. (b) Representative immunofluorescence microphotographs of frozen tissue sections of rat myocardium collected at selected time points (6 hours to 14 days) from the above study. Sections incubated with anti-GFP antibody (green), and nuclei stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 200 μm for all panels. DAPI, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole.