Table 2.

Factors other than malaria exposure during pregnancy associated with infant growth or morbidity

Variable	Weight growth	Height growth	Malariaa	Diarrhoeaa	Acute respiratory infectiona
Mother ageb	0.01 (−0.01 to 0.03)	0.00 (−0.08 to 0.07)	0.97 (0.89–1.07)	0.98 (0.94–1.03)	0.98 (0.95–1.01)
Mother education levelc
Primary	0.01 (−0.25 to 0.28)	1.50 (0.51 to 2.49)	2.34 (0.53–10.39)	1.10 (0.63–1.93)	1.77 (1.16–2.77)
≥Secondary	0.21 (−0.07 to 0.49)	2.01 (0.97 to 3.04)	1.97 (0.41–9.54)	0.83 (0.45–1.52)	1.53 (0.98–2.39)
Residence aread	−0.05 (−0.20 to 0.11)	0.27 (−0.34 to 0.88)	1.31 (0.59–2.90)	0.79 (0.55–1.14)	1.21 (0.95–1.54)
Mother HIV status	−0.22 (−0.45 to 0.02)	−0.60 (−1.49 to 0.30)	2.06 (0.54–7.82)	1.62 (1.00–2.62)	0.86 (0.60–1.24)
Paritye	0.14 (−0.05 to 0.32)	0.18 (−0.54 to 0.90)	0.83 (0.34–2.14)	0.96 (0.63–1.69)	0.76 (0.57–1.00)
Mode of deliveryf	0.33 (0.11 to 0.55)	−0.13 (−1.00 to 0.74)	1.63 (0.53–5.05)	1.04 (0.58–1.85)	1.02 (0.71–1.36)
Average time with net during pregnancyg	0.09 (−0.13 to 0.31)	0.25 (−0.66 to 1.16)	0.87 (0.30–2.47)	0.83 (0.52–1.34)	0.98 (0.71–1.36)
Duration of breastfeedingh	−0.18 (−0.52 to 0.16)	−0.68 (−1.96 to 0.60)	1.00 (0.95–1.05)	1.01 (0.98–1.03)	0.99 (0.97–1.00)
Child sex	−0.53 (−0.68 to −0.38)	−1.47 (−2.06 to −0.88)	3.69 (1.47–9.29)	1.10 (0.77–1.56)	0.82 (0.65–1.03)
Pre-term delivery	−0.05 (−0.35 to 0.26)	1.75 (0.52 to 2.97)	0.96 (0.22–4.17)	0.75 (0.33–1.72)	0.72 (0.43–1.21)
Small for gestational age	−0.16 (−0.35 to 0.03)	−0.07 (−0.81 to 0.66)	0.53 (0.15–1.78)	1.85 (1.25–2.74)	1.10 (0.82–1.47)
Seasoni	–	–	0.78 (0.37–1.69)	1.16 (0.80–1.68)	0.95 (0.75–1.20)

^aRelative risk with 95 % confidence interval

^bPer 10 years (centered)

^c≥Secondary level or primary level versus no education

^dCompared to mother living in town

^ePrimipare versus multipare

^fC section versus vaginal delivery

^gWeeks

^hWeeks

ⁱRainy versus dry season