Table 2.
Quantitative PCR primers used in this study.
| Target Group | Primer Name1 | Primer Sequence (5’→3’) | TM (°C)2 | qPCR Standard3 | Amplicon Length | Amp. Eff.4 (Bac; Group) | Detect. Limit5 | RDP Hits6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bacteria | 341F | CCTACGGGAGGCAGCAG | 60 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 517R | ATTACCGCGGCTGCTGG | |||||||
| Pigmentiphaga 7 | PigmF | CAGGCGGTTCGGAAAG | 56 | SBNAP45 | 63 | 1.91; 2.03 | 8.86 × 106 | 17 |
| PigmR | TGACATACTCTAGTTCGGGA | |||||||
| Sphingobium 8 | SGBF | ACGTAGGCGGCGATTT | 59 | SBNAP83 | 70 | 2.03; 2.03 | 1.44 × 107 | 329 |
| SGBR | CCTCTCCAAGATTCTAGCAA | |||||||
| Sphingobium 9 | SGB.5F | ACAGTACCGGGAGAATAAGCTC | 56 | SBANT43 | 158 | 1.98; 1.92 | 2.32 × 107 | 128 |
| SGB.5R | CAAGCAATCCAGTCTCAAAGGCTA | |||||||
| Variovorax | VarioF | AGCTGTGCTAATACCGCATAA | 61 | SBNAP02 | 279 | 2.05; 1.99 | 8.10 × 107 | 65 |
| VarioR | GAGACTTTTCGTTCCGTAC | |||||||
| Acidovorax | AcidF | TAACGGAGCGAAAGCTT | 55 | SBPHE2-37 | 60 | 1.98; 2.01 | 2.08 × 107 | 331 |
| AcidR | GTCCGCGCAAGGCCTT | |||||||
| Pyrene Group 2 | PG2.4F | CCAAGCCGACGACGGGTAG | 59 | SBPYR03 | 94 | 2.02; 1.99 | 8.17 × 107 | 900 |
| PG2.4R | TTCCCCACTGCTGCCTC | |||||||
| Sphingomonas | SPH.1F | CGGTACGGAATAACTCA | 50 | SBFLA15 | 202 | 1.98; 1.95 | 8.12 × 105 | 37 |
| Univ338R | GCTGCCTCCCGTAGGAGT |
Bacterial primers are from Muyzer et al. (1993), SGB.5 and Pigm primers are from Jones et al. (M. D. Jones et al., submitted), Acidovorax primers are from Singleton et al. (2007), and Univ338R are from Suzuki and Giovannoni (1996). All other primers were developed in this study.
PCR annealing temperature.
Clones from which plasmid DNA was used to generate standard curves. Each plasmid was linearized with NcoI. Clone names are as in Fig. 1.
Amp. Eff., Amplification efficiency (Pflaff, 2001) with eubacterial (Bac) and group-specific (Group) primers.
Detection limit of each qPCR assay (number of 16S rRNA gene copies/ g dry soil).
Number of sequences returned by the Ribosomal Database Project II release 10.18 (Cole et al., 2009) (excluding sequences from this study) with no mismatches to primer pairs.
Pigmentiphaga-related sequences were identical to those recovered from the SIP experiment anthracene (M. D. Jones et al., submitted).
Targets naphthalene- and phenanthrene-associated Sphingobium sequences.
Targets fluoranthene-associated Sphingobium sequences. The clone used for qPCR was from a highly similar sequence recovered in clone libraries from an earlier SIP experiment with anthracene (M. D. Jones et al., submitted).