Table 1. Intermittent vs Continuous vs Extended Dialysis.

	Advantages	Disadvantages	Contraindications
Intermittent Hemodialysis (IHD)	• Short duration     • No/short/less anticoagulation       (reduced risk of bleeding).     • Higher efficiency for immediate       small water-soluble removal       (life-threatening hyperkalemia)     • Less bed rest     • Flexibility of use: machines can be        used in an extended protracted        mode (increase in efficacy)     • Bags cost saving	• Technical skills (trained        personnel) and technical        infrastructure (dedicated        areas with water connection)     • Clearance rebound     • Hemodynamic impact/instability     • Potential higher risk of dialysis       dependence	• Traumatic brain        injury
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)	• Hemodynamic stability (less        cardiovascular impact) → higher        potential recovery of kidney function     • ICU staff may handle these        treatments autonomously     • Superior solute removal and volume        control (in a 24 hours lasting session)     • Administration of parenteral nutrition        fluids	• Downtime may impair efficiency     • Continuous systemic       (heparin) or regional (citrate)       anticoagulation (higher risk       of patient’s bleeding or filter       clotting)     • Bed rest is necessary     • Higher cost     • Lower efficiency than IHD       (hyperkalemia)     • Risk of hypothermia	• Patients needing        mobilization
Sustained Low-Efficiency Daily Dialysis (SLEDD) or Prolonged intermittent RRT (PIRRT)	• Easy     • Good flexibility of sessions administration       (6–12 hours or overnight treatment)     • Higher possibility for patient mobility     • Hemodynamic stability     • Relatively low anticoagulation        requirement     • Bags cost saving	• Technical skills (trained        personnel) and technical        infrastructure (dedicated        areas with water connection)     • Hypophosphatemia     • Hypothermia     • Low efficiency	• None