Table 8. Multivariate logistic regression to determine predictors of biomedical risk factors.
| Models | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Hypertension | High fasting blood glucose | High cholesterol levels | TC/HDL- Cholesterol ratio | Raised triglyceride |
| Hosmer-Lemeshow = 0.04 Sensitivity = 62.54% Specificity = 65.85% | Hosmer-Lemeshow = 0.07 Sensitivity = 0.0% Specificity = 100% | Hosmer-Lemeshow = —Sensitivity = 0.0% Specificity = 100% | Hosmer-Lemeshow = 0.36 Sensitivity = 0.0% Specificity = 100% | Hosmer-Lemeshow = 0.63 Sensitivity = 73.26% Specificity = 53.22% | |
| Age | |||||
| 15–39 years | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
| ≥40 years | 4.7 (3.2–6.9)*** | 1.8 (1.1–3.0)* | 1.7 (1.2–2.4)** | 2.1 (1.2–3.6)* | 2.2 (1.5–3.2)*** |
| Overweight/Obesity | |||||
| No | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
| Yes | 1.7 (1.2–2.3)** | a | a | a | a |
| Smoking | |||||
| No | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
| Yes | 1.4 (0.8–2.4) | a | 0.5 (0.3–0.8)* | 0.3 (0.1–0.5)* | a |
| Alcohol consumption | |||||
| No | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
| Yes | 1.6 (1.1–2.5)** | a | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.5 (0.2–1.2) | 0.6 (0.4–0.9)* |
| Low fruit and vegetable intake | |||||
| No | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
| Yes | a | 1.8 (1.0–3.2)* | a | a | a |
Values are reported as odds ratios (95%CI)
* significant at p<0.05
** significant at p<0.005
*** significant at p<0.001
Hypertension = BP >140/90 mmHg, High fasting blood glucose = ≥7.0 mmol/l, High cholesterol levels = ≥5.0 mmol/l, TC/HDL- Cholesterol ratio = >5.0, Raised triglyceride = ≥1.7 mmol/l, High waist circumference = ≥ 102 men and ≥ 88 women, Overweight/Obesity = BMI kg.m2 ≥25 to ≤29.9/ BMI kg.m2 ≥30
a = Not significant in univariate model then dropped