Table 1. Characteristics of studies reporting ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures in HIV+ individuals.
Sample Size, n | Age, mean years (SD) | Male, % | HIV+ on antiretroviral treatment, % | Variables used for matching HIV+ and HIV- | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | First Author | HIV+ | HIV- | Country | HIV+ | HIV- | HIV+ | HIV- | Clinic hypertension, % | ||
2008 | Pozdíšek | 40 | 40 | Czech Republic | 42 (11) | 43 (11) | 30% | 30% | NR | 100% | Age, gender |
2009 | Baekkenb | 77 | 76 | Norway | 51 (10) | 48 (9) | 84% | 71% | 100% | 83% | Not matched |
2010 | De Socioc | 52 | 156 | Italy | 39 (11) | 39 (11) | 85% | 85% | 0% | 0% | Age, gender, clinic SBP |
2011 | Bernardino | 43 | 0 | Spain | 43 (7)a | None | 14%a | None | 100% | 81%a | No HIV- controls |
2012 | Grandi | 60 | 60 | Italy | NRd | NRd | 87% | 87% | 50%d | 100% | Age, gender, BMI, smoking, 24-hour SBP and DBPe |
2013 | Maggi | 61 | 40 | Italy | 47 (7) | 46 (9) | 69% | 68% | 100% | 98% | Age, gender, clinic BPf |
2013 | Schillaci | 100 | 325 | Italy | 48 (9)a | 48 (10)a | 72%a | 69%a | 100% | 92% | Not matched |
2014 | Borkumg | 30 | 17 | South Africa | 32 (8) | 31 (9) | 37% | 40% | 0% | 0% | Age, BMI, socio-economic status |
Abbreviations: BMI = Body mass index; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; NR = Not reported; SBP = Systolic blood pressure; SD = Standard deviation
For all studies, ambulatory BP procedures were only performed among individuals not taking antihypertensive medication.
All studies consisted of patients recruited from clinical settings. Schillaci, 2013 and De Socio, 2010 also included hospital staff and referrals among HIV- controls.
aCharacteristics obtained through manuscript author correspondence.
bManner, 2010 is not reported in this table because it included the same 77 HIV+ individuals in Baekken, 2009 but did not include an HIV- comparison group.
cDe Socio, 2010 consisted of individuals in the HIV Exposure and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome (HERMES) cohort.
dGrandi, 2012 HIV+ and HIV- samples were each 50% hypertensive. This study reported characteristics for HIV+ and HIV- each stratified by hypertension status. The mean age (SD) of HIV+ and hypertensive individuals was 45 (7) years, of HIV+ and normotensive individuals was 44 (8) years, of HIV- and hypertensive individuals was 45 (6) years, and of HIV- and normotensive individuals was 44 (7) years.
eGrandi, 2012 HIV+ and HIV- individuals were matched on 24-hour SBP and DBP only within hypertensive and non-hypertensive strata.
fMaggi, 2013 notes HIV+ and HIV- individuals were matched on clinic BP, but does not specify SBP or DBP.
gBorkum, 2014 reported measures from 30 HIV+ individuals at baseline before initiating antiretroviral treatment at baseline and subset of 28 HIV+ individuals adherent to antiretroviral treatment for 6 months. This table reports data from the 30 HIV+ individuals pre-antiretroviral treatment.