Table 1.
Characteristicsa of Study Participants, by the Presence of Depression
| Characteristic | Total (N = 447) | Depression | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (N = 264) | Yes (N = 183) | |||
| Age (year) | 46 (41-51) | 46 (41-52) | 46 (42-50) | 0.74 |
| Female (%) | 38.6 | 34.3 | 44.8 | 0.025 |
| Cocaine use (%) | 74.3 | 69.3 | 81.4 | 0.004 |
| Years of cocaine use | 8 (0-18) | 6(0-15) | 10 (3-19) | 0.001 |
| Times of cocaine use per day | 2 (0-4) | 2 (0-4) | 2 (1-4) | 0.03 |
| Cigarette smoking (%) | 82.6 | 82.3 | 83.1 | 0.83 |
| Years of cigarette smoking | 21 (7-30) | 21 (7-31) | 22 (9-30) | 0.83 |
| Alcohol use (%) | 87.5 | 87.9 | 86.9 | 0.74 |
| Years of alcohol use | 16 (5-27) | 15 (5-25) | 18 (4-28) | 0.49 |
| Heroin use (%) | 50.2 | 48.3 | 53.0 | 0.33 |
| Marijuana use (%) | 72.1 | 72.5 | 71.6 | 0.84 |
| Speedball (%) | 32.7 | 30.2 | 36.3 | 0.17 |
| Amphetamine (%) | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 0.94 |
| Methadone (%) | 19.2 | 16.7 | 23.0 | 0.10 |
| hsCRP ≥2 mg/dL (%) | 49.2 | 47.7 | 51.4 | 0.45 |
| hsCRP (mg/dL) | 2.0 (0.6-5.0) | 1.9 (0.6-4.8) | 2.1 (0.6-5.1) | 0.94 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.0 (22.1-29.3) | 25.0 (22.2-28.9) | 25.2 (22.0-29.9) | 0.95 |
| CD4 (cells/mm3) | 462(284-686) | 463 (274-702) | 461 (302-669) | 0.90 |
| HIV Viral load (c/mL) | 34(20-400) | 48(20-400) | 23 (20-114) | 0.12 |
| Years of HIV infection | 12.4 (6.6-17.6) | 10.4 (4.5-16.2) | 14.4 (10.0-18.7) | <0.0001 |
| NRTI use (%) | 72.5 | 67.9 | 79.2 | 0.008 |
| NNRTI use (%) | 34.6 | 35.5 | 33.3 | 0.64 |
| PI use (%) | 60.0 | 50.6 | 73.8 | <0.0001 |
| ART use (%) | 77.9 | 72.8 | 85.3 | 0.0018 |
a
Median (interquartile range) for continuous variables, proportion (%) for categorical variables.
Abbreviations: hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; BMI: body mass index; ART: antiretroviral therapy; NRTI: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NNRTI: nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI: protease inhibitor.