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. 2016 Feb 17;6:21348. doi: 10.1038/srep21348

Figure 2. Gunpowder smog induces pulmonary inflammation.

Figure 2

Lung vascular permeability parameters including lung W/D weight ratio (a) and protein concentration in BALF (b) were determined after smoke inhalation. (c) Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in lung homogenates was determined after smoke inhalation. (d) Representative images of hematoxylin and eosin–stained lung sections showed obvious thickening of the alveolar wall, interstitial edema and infiltration of inflammatory cells in rats with smoke inhalation. Scale bars, 100 μm. (e) Histological scores of lung histopathology. (f) Gunpowder smog induces inflammatory cell infiltration in BALF. The number of total inflammatory cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages in BALF was determined after smoke inhalation. Con (normal control group, ambient air inhalation, n = 10), ALI 6 h (ALI group, smoke inhalation for 6 h, n = 10), ALI 24 h (ALI group, smoke inhalation for 24 h, n = 10); data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 versus normal control group; #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 versus ALI 6 h group.