TABLE 2.
Client Characteristics Associated With Seroconversion Among Re-testing Clients with HIV Negative Test Results at the First Visit, Lesotho, January 2006 to June 2010 (n = 6,777)
| Chatacteristic | Re-testers (n) | Seroconverted (%) | P-valuea | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All clients | 6,777 (100.0) | 259 (3.8) | |||
| Site | |||||
| Butha Buthe | 966 | 24 (2.5) | < 0.01 | 0.58 [0.37, 0.90] | 0.72 [0.44, 1.20] |
| Leribe | 1,259 | 64 (5.1) | 1.22 [0.90, 1.65] | 1.20 [0.83, 1.72] | |
| Mafeteng | 1,025 | 27 (2.6) | 0.61 [0.40, 0.93] | 0.81 [0.49, 1.34] | |
| Maseru | 3,126 | 132 (4.2) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | |
| Qachas Nek | 401 | 12 (3.0) | 0.70 [0.38, 1.28] | 0.50 [0.18, 1.37] | |
| Year of visit | |||||
| 2006 | 1,473 | 74 (5.0) | 0.04 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| 2007 | 2,339 | 77 (3.3) | 0.64 [0.46, 0.89] | 0.69 [0.47, 1.01] | |
| 2008 | 2,472 | 92 (3.7) | 0.73 [0.53, 1.00] | 0.76 [0.52, 1.11] | |
| 2009–2010 | 493 | 16 (3.2) | 0.63 [0.37, 1.10] | 0.71 [0.34, 1.48] | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 2,797 | 90 (3.2) | 0.03 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Female | 3,980 | 169 (4.2) | 1.33 [1.03, 1.73] | 1.98 [1.07, 2.06] | |
| Age | |||||
| 15–24 | 2,469 | 99 (4.0) | 0.77 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| 25+ | 3,599 | 139 (3.9) | 0.96 [0.74, 1.25] | 0.76 [0.56, 1.04] | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Never married | 2,959 | 103 (3.5) | 0.24 | 1.00 (Referent) | Not included |
| Married/cohab/poly | 2,386 | 90 (3.8) | 1.09 [0.82, 1.45] | ||
| Divorced/separated | 217 | 10 (4.6) | 1.34 [0.69, 2.60] | ||
| Widowed | 339 | 15 (4.4) | 1.28 [0.74, 2.23] | ||
| Other | 27 | 3 (11.1) | 3.47 [1.03, 11.7] | ||
| Education | |||||
| No formal education | 272 | 5 (1.8) | < 0.01 | 0.95 [0.36, 2.57] | 0.52 [0.12, 2.28] |
| Less than high school | 2,401 | 118 (4.9) | 2.63 [1.63, 4.25] | 2.41 [1.42, 4.10] | |
| High school | 3,021 | 115 (3.8) | 2.02 [1.25, 3.26] | 1.66 [0.98, 2.82] | |
| More than high school | 1,039 | 20 (1.9) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | |
| Client type | |||||
| Individual | 6,469 | 250 (3.9) | 0.26 | 1.00 (Referent) | Not included |
| Couple | 306 | 8 (2.6) | 0.67 [0.33, 1.36] | ||
| Most recent partner tested in last 3 months | |||||
| Yes | 1,309 | 38 (2.9) | < 0.01 | 1.09 [0.68, 1.75] | 1.10 [0.62, 1.96] |
| No | 2,927 | 131 (4.5) | 1.71 [1.17, 2.51] | 1.60 [0.98, 2.63] | |
| Don’t know | 1,276 | 34 (2.7) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | |
| Self-Reported Riskc | |||||
| Had sex while intoxicated/drunk | |||||
| Yes | 490 | 25 (5.1) | 1.39 [0.91, 2.12] | 1.40 [0.82, 2.38] | |
| No | 6,280 | 234 (3.7) | 0.13 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Exchanged money/materials/goods for sex | |||||
| Yes | 67 | 4 (6.0) | 1.61 [0.58, 4.45] | Not included | |
| No | 6,706 | 255 (3.8) | 0.36 | 1.00 (Referent) | |
| Had unprotected sexd | |||||
| Yes | 4,213 | 186 (4.4) | 1.57 [1.19, 2.07] | 1.18 [0.79, 1.76] | |
| No | 2,554 | 73 (2.9) | < 0.01 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
Pearson’s chi-square statistic for testing the null hypothesis of no association between the characteristic and serocon-version.
The multivariable logistic regression model contains all variables listed in this table, except marital status, client type, and exchanged money/materials/goods for sex. The sample size for the model was 4,994 clients.
In the pre-2008 form, these questions were asked only for the past 12 months, whereas in the post-2008 form, these questions were asked as ever.
In the post-2008 form, two separate questions were asked, one for sex with a regular partner and another for sex with a nonregular partner; a composite variable was created and coded Yes if either question’s response was answered Yes, otherwise No.