Table 1.

Maternal demographic and psychosocial characteristics

Variable	Mbekweni—n (%)	TC Newman—n (%)	Total—n (%)
Number of mothers	309 (57)	235 (43)	544
Visit timepoint of MINI interview
Antenatal	100 (32)	76 (32)	176 (32)
6–10 weeks	9 (3)	14 (6)	23 (4)
6 months	182 (59)	119 (51)	301 (55)
18 months	18 (6)	26 (11)	44 (8)
Ethnicity
Black/African	305 (99)	1 (0.4)	306 (56)
Mixed race	4 (1)	232 (99)	236 (43)
Other	0 (0)	2 (0.9)	2 (0.4)
Migration
Born in the Western Cape	140 (45)	228 (97)	368 (68)
Born outside of the Western Cape	169 (55)	7 (3)	176 (32)
Area of dwelling
Urban	40 (13)	225 (96)	265 (49)
Rural	32 (10)	8 (3)	40 (7)
Township	237 (77)	2 (0.9)	239 (44)
Age at enrollment—median [IQR]	26.8 [22.1, 32.3]	25.0 [21.6, 29.7]	25.8 [21.9, 31.3]
Married/cohabiting	107 (35)	101 (43)	208 (38)
Educational achievement
Primary	35 (11)	25 (11)	60 (11)
Some secondary	167 (54)	126 (54)	293 (54)
Completed secondary/any tertiary	107 (35)	84 (36)	191 (35)
Employed	61 (20)	49 (21)	110 (20)
Average household income
<R1,000/month	150 (49)	83 (35)	233 (43)
R1,000–R5,000/month	125 (40)	114 (49)	239 (44)
>R5,000/month	34 (11)	38 (16)	72 (13)
SES quartile
Lowest SES	110 (36)	56 (24)	166 (31)
Low-moderate SES	80 (26)	59 (25)	139 (26)
Moderate-high SES	70 (23)	61 (26)	131 (24)
Highest SES	49 (16)	59 (25)	108 (20)
HIV infected	113 (37)	8 (3)	121 (22)
Median recent life events [IQR]	1 [0, 2]	2 [1, 4]	1 [0, 3]
Lifetime tobacco use	15 (5)	162 (69)	177 (33)
Antenatal tobacco use	6 (2)	110 (46)	113 (21)
Lifetime alcohol use	31 (10)	156 (66)	187 (34)
Antenatal alcohol use	4 (1)	14 (6)	18 (3)
Depression—above threshold (BDI)	66 (21)	53 (23)	119 (22)
Depression—above threshold (EPDS)	80 (26)	65 (28)	145 (27)
Psychological distress—above threshold (SRQ-20)	52 (17)	56 (24)	108 (20)