Table 6.

Association between lifetime trauma exposure and infant HCAZ^a at birth, with and without adjustment for infant WAZ^b at birth

Variable	Median HCAZ [IQR]	Unadjusted regression coefficient [95% CI]	P	(A) Model without adjustment for WAZ: Regression coefficient [95% CI]	P	(B) Model with adjustment for WAZ: Regression coefficient [95% CI]	P
Recruitment site
Mbekweni	−0.3 [−1.1, 0.4]	Reference		Reference		Reference
TC Newman	−0.6 [−1.3, 0.1]	−0.3 [−0.6, −0.1]	<0.001	−0.3 [−0.5, −0.1]	0.013	−0.02 [−0.2, 0.2]	0.780
SES quartile
Highest SES	−0.3 [−1.0, 0.2]	Reference		Reference		Reference
Moderate-high SES	−0.5 [−1.3, 0.1]	−0.2 [−0.5, 0.1]	0.173	−0.2 [−0.5, 0.1]	0.127	−0.04 [−0.3, 0.2]	0.755
Low-moderate SES	−0.5 [−1.5, 0.3]	−0.2 [−-0.5, 0.1]	0.241	−0.2 [−0.5, 0.1]	0.195	−0.005 [−0.2, 0.2]	0.970
Lowest SES	−0.4 [−1.2, 0.3]	−0.04 [−0.3, 0.3]	0.799	−0.1 [−0.4, 0.2]	0.516	0.1 [−0.1, 0.4]	0.347
Antenatal tobacco use
Below threshold	−0.4 [−1.2, 0.4]	Reference
Above threshold	−0.6 [−1.3, 0.1]	−0.3 [−0.6, −0.1]	0.017
Antenatal alcohol use
Below threshold	−0.4 [−1.2, 0.3]	Reference
Above threshold	−1.3 [−1.8, –0.6]	−0.9 [−1.4, −0.3]	0.002
Intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure
No recent IPV	−0.3 [−1.2, 0.4]	Reference
Any recent IPV	−0.6 [−1.3, 0.1]	−0.3 [−0.5, −0.1]	0.006
Recent life events		−0.1 [−0.1, −0.03]	0.001	−0.1 [−0.1, −0.0003]	0.049	−0.03 [−0.1, 0.01]	0.150
Infant WAZ		0.7 [0.6, 0.8]	<0.001			0.7 [0.6, 0.8]	<0.001
Trauma exposure
No exposure	−0.2 [−1.2, 0.5]	Reference		Reference		Reference
Trauma exposure	−0.6 [−1.3, 0.1]	−0.3 [–0.5, −0.1]	0.009	−0.2 [−0.5, −0.03]	0.026	−0.2 [−0.3, 0.03]	0.054

^aHead circumference-for-age z-score;

^bWeight-for-age z-score.