Table 5.

Direct Comparison of Uyghur, Tibetan, and Mongolian Medicine (Empty boxes have no attributes)

	Uyghur Medicine	Tibetan Medicine	Mongolian Medicine
Health	Balance 4 properties (humors)	Balance 3 humors	Balance 3 humors and hot/cold
Elements	Fire, air, water, earth	Earth, water, fire, air, space
Humors	Heat, moisture, dryness, coldness	Wind, bile, phlegm
Constitutions	Heat, coldness, moisture, dryness, dry heat, moist heat, moist coldness, and dry coldness	Wind, bile, phlegm, wind-bile, wind-phlegm, bile-phlegm, wind-bile-phlegm
Causes of disease	Food, climate, season, medication, condition	Constitution, ignorance/ego, attachment, hatred, close-mindedness, climate, emotions, diet, behavior	Diet, behavior, climate, external factors
Diagnosis	Smell Sound Sight Touch	Questioning Observation Pulse-taking	Observation Palpation Questioning
Main organs	Brain, heart, liver	Heart, liver, kidney, spleen lungs
Secondary organs	Kidney, lung, gallbladder, spleen, nervous system, ovaries, and testicles	Bladder, gallbladder, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
Tertiary organs	Fat, spinal cord, stomach, muscle, esophagus, small intestine, duodenum, intestine, bladder, large intestine, bone, tendons, ligaments, hair	Tongue, lips, eyes, nose, ears
Herbal medicine		Pacifying and purifying	Leading and supporting ingredients
Behavioral therapy	Prayer	Yoga, meditation, diet, lifestyle	Diet, lifestyle
Unique external treatments	Animal excrement, smoking animal bones	Moxibustion, massage, medicinal baths, diet therapy, herbal products	Mud baths, moxibustion, blood-letting, bone-setting
Center of learning		Mentsikhang	Manba Datsan
Important figure(s)		Yuthok Yonten Gonpo	Hu Sihui
Religious connection	Islam	Buddhism	Buddhism and shamanism