Table 1.
Distribution of sample population characteristics by the use of supplement typesa in HCHS/SOL.
| USERS OF ANY SUPPLEMENTSa N = 7,658 |
USERS OF ANY NVNM SUPPLEMENTS N = 3,916 |
USERS OF ANY BOTANICAL SUPPLEMENTS N = 1,433 |
NONUSERS OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS N = 8,402 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nb |
MEAN OR% (95% CI)c |
MEAN OR% (95% CI)c |
MEAN OR% (95% CI)c |
MEAN OR% (95% CI)c |
|
| Mean age | 16,279 | 45.5 (44.8, 46.2) | 46.4 (45.6, 47.1) | 43.8 (42.8, 44.8) | 37.7 (37.2, 38.2) |
| % Female | 9,764 | 56.5 (54.7, 58.3) | 54.8 (52.5, 57.1) | 58.4 (55.0, 61.7) | 48.3 (46.7, 49.8) |
| Mean% poverty threshold | 14,669 | 169 (160, 178) | 182 (170, 193) | 183 (169, 197) | 142 (137, 147) |
| Hispanic/Latino Background (%) | |||||
| Dominican | 1,466 | 9.8 (8.3, 11.6) | 7.6 (6.3, 9.3) | 6.6 (5.2, 8.4) | 9.8 (8.4, 11.3) |
| Central American | 1,718 | 7.7 (6.5, 9.0) | 8.3 (7.0, 10.0) | 8.6 (6.9, 10.6) | 7.0 (6.0, 8.2) |
| Cuban | 2,338 | 18.7 (16.0, 21.7) | 19.4 (16.6, 22.5) | 16.1 (13.4, 19.3) | 22.8 (19.1, 26.8) |
| Mexican | 6,455 | 40.0 (36.5, 43.6) | 41.6 (37.8, 45.6) | 46.9 (42.7, 51.2) | 34.7 (31.5,38.1) |
| Puerto Rican | 2,708 | 14.6 (13.0, 16.3) | 13.3 (11.5, 15.4) | 12.6 (10.4, 15.2) | 17.0 (15.2, 19.0) |
| South American | 1,071 | 5.6 (4.8, 6.5) | 6.0 (5.0, 7.3) | 5.6 (4.4, 7.2) | 4.6 (4.0, 5.3) |
| Other | 523 | 3.7 (3.0, 4.6) | 3.7 (2.8, 4.8) | 3.6 (2.5, 5.1) | 4.1 (3.5, 4.8) |
| Preference for Spanish | 13,009 | 74.8 (72.6, 76.8) | 74.7 (72.2, 77.0) | 75.5 (72.5, 78.1) | 76.6 (74.4, 78.7) |
| Born in US (%) | 2,855 | 21.5 (19.6, 23.5) | 20.7 (18.7,22.8) | 20.7 (18.1, 23.4) | 21.5 (20.0, 23.1) |
| Mean years in US | 16,211 | 21.2 (20.5, 21.9) | 21.1 (20.3,21.9) | 21.1 (20.2, 21.9) | 20.0 (19.1,20.8) |
| Education (%) | |||||
| <HS | 6,091 | 28.5 (26.5, 30.6) | 25.8 (23.5, 28.3) | 25.5 (22.5, 28.7) | 36.2 (34.5,38.1) |
| HS graduate | 4,116 | 26.3 (24.6, 28.0) | 24.9 (22.8, 27.1) | 23.7 (21.1, 26.5) | 29.2 (27.8, 30.6) |
| At least some college | 5,741 | 45.2 (42.8, 47.7) | 49.3 (46.3, 52.2) | 50.8 (47.1, 54.5) | 34.6 (32.9, 36.3) |
| % with no insurance | 7,893 | 47.2 (44.8, 49.7) | 50.0 (47.0, 53.0) | 53.2 (49.4, 57.1) | 50.6 (48.6, 52.7) |
| % unable to get needed healthcare | 2,695 | 15.1 (13.7, 16.6) | 15.6 (14.0, 17.4) | 17.0 (14.8, 19.4) | 15.6 (14.4, 16.8) |
| % meeting physical activity guidelinesd | 10,335 | 68.7 (66.9, 70.5) | 70.4 (68.3, 72.5) | 71.3 (68.2, 74.2) | 64.5 (63.1, 66.0) |
| Mean AHEIe | 16,126 | 48.3 (47.9, 48.7) | 48.9 (48.4, 49.4) | 49.5 (49.0, 50.1) | 47.1 (46.7, 47.5) |
| Cigarette use (%) | |||||
| Never smoked | 9,884 | 64.6 (62.8, 66.4) | 64.8 (62.4, 67.0) | 63.0 (59.5, 66.3) | 57.8 (56.0, 59.5) |
| Former smoker | 3,216 | 18.6 (17.3, 20.1) | 19.8 (18.1, 21.6) | 21.3 (18.9, 24.1) | 17.6 (16.5, 18.7) |
| Current smoker | 3,148 | 16.7 (15.1, 18.5) | 15.5 (13.7, 17.4) | 15.7 (13.2, 18.5) | 24.7 (23.3, 26.1) |
| Self-reported health (%) | |||||
| Fair-poor | 4,834 | 25.5 (23.7, 27.4) | 24.3 (22.2, 26.5) | 23.7 (21.2(26.5) | 26.3 (25.0, 28.0) |
| Good | 7,492 | 45.1 (43.1, 47.0) | 44.1 (41.7, 46.5) | 46.1 (43.0, 49.3) | 46.8 (45.3, 48.4) |
| Very good-excellent | 3,898 | 29.4 (27.5, 31.4) | 31.6 (29.0, 34.3) | 30.2 (27.0, 33.5) | 26.6 (25.2, 28.1) |
| Geographic area (US) (%) | |||||
| Bronx | 4,051 | 25.8 (22.9, 28.9) | 21.2 (18.5, 24.2) | 18.1 (15.3, 21.3) | 29.8 (26.6, 33.1) |
| Chicago | 4,108 | 14.2 (12.3, 16.3) | 14.6 (12.4, 17.1) | 15.2 (12.5, 18.4) | 16.9 (14.8, 19.2) |
| Miami | 4,054 | 28.8 (25.0, 33.0) | 30.8 (26.8, 35.2) | 28.8 (24.8, 33.3) | 31.5 (27.0, 36.4) |
| San Diego | 4,066 | 31.2 (27.1, 35.6) | 33.3 (28.6, 38.4) | 37.8 (32.5, 43.5) | 21.8 (18.8, 25.1) |
Notes:
Supplement users were defined as users by either the medication inventory or the dietary supplement interview. Categories presented for comparison of distributions include only users of any dietary supplement, users of primarily NVNM products (including botanicals), and users of botanical supplements (including fiber).
N, number of participants in sample, rather than the representative population.
Means and percentages reflect sample weights and are age standardized to the US population.
Physical activity data were summarized as meeting or not meeting CDC 2008 guidelines for physical activity.
Nutritional data were summarized with the Alternative Healthy Eating lndex-2010 (AHEI-2010). The AHEI was developed to update prior healthy eating indices based on US Dietary Guidelines with recommendations derived from scientific studies of diet and health outcomes.33,34 The AHEI assigns values for consumption of vegetables, fruit, whole grains, sugar-sweetened beverages, nuts/legumes, red/processed meats, trans fat, long-chain n-3 fatty acids, total polyunsaturated fatty acids, sodium, and alcohol intake with a maximum value of 110.34 Healthy individuals aged 55–80 in the Nurses' Health Study had a mean AHEI-2010 of 53.2.33
Abbreviation: AHEI, alternative healthy eating index.