Table 1. Demographic, neuropsychological, and disease characteristics of PD and HC groups.
| Characteristics | PD patients (n = 51) | HCs (n = 39) | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age | 67.7 (7.2) | 64.8 (7.8) | 3.4 | 0.07 |
| Education (y) | 16.9 (2.9) | 16.8 (2.7) | < 1.0 | 0.87 |
| Female (%) | 41 | 54 | 0.23a | |
| Mini-Mental Status Examination | 28.8 (1.3) | 29.1 (1.0) | < 1.0 | 0.39 |
| Inhibitory control: Stroop Color-Word | 34.8 (9.1) | 39.9 (7.1) | 5.5 | 0.02 |
| Verbal fluency: DKEFS: Letter | 42.5 (11.6) | 48.9 (12.3) | 6.6 | 0.02 |
| Visual cognition | ||||
| Judgment of Line Orientation | 11.8 (2.2) | 12.4 (2.0) | 1.3 | 0.18 |
| Pentagons | 2.3 (0.4) | 2.4 (0.3) | 3.0 | 0.11 |
| Memory: CVLT-II Long-Delay Free-Recall | 6.5 (1.9) | 7.4 (1.7) | 3.5 | 0.11 |
| Disease characteristics | ||||
| Years since diagnosis | 6.5 (4.4) | |||
| UPDRS Motor Subscale (UPDRS III) | 27.6 (9.9) | |||
| Hoehn and Yahr stage | 2.36 (0.5) | |||
| Levodopa dosage equivalenceb | 702.4 (556.3) | |||
Values are raw score means (SDs) for all variables except gender.
a
Chi-square test.
b
Calculated using a method of Razmy et al.53
PD, Parkinson's disease; HC, healthy control; DKEFS, Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System; CVLT-II, California Verbal Learning Test II; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale.