Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for demographic, clinical, and key study variables by diagnosis.
| Variable (possible range) | MS | SCI | AMP |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 82 | n = 73 | n = 33 | |
| Age | 53.84 (9.18) | 51.48 (11.56) | 56.70 (13.67) |
| Pain Intensity | 5.53 (1.63)A | 4.90 (1.52) | 4.54 (1.53) |
| BPI Pain Interference | 5.47 (2.04)A | 3.64 (2.12) | 4.44 (2.83) |
| PROMIS® Global Physical Health | 40.38 (7.59)A | 47.13 (7.90) | 46.03 (11.04) |
| PROMIS® Global Mental Health | 42.23 (8.15)A | 48.86 (7.67) | 48.27 (10.61) |
| Self-Efficacy Scale | 5.31 (1.68) | 6.12 (1.79) A | 5.29 (2.50) |
| PCS Pain Catastrophizing | 22.96 (12.97) | 18.25 (12.51) | 22.96 (13.42) |
| PHQ-8 Depressive Symptoms | 9.96 (5.60) | 5.89 (4.11) A | 8.16 (7.31) |
| CPAQ-8 Pain Acceptance | 25.32 (7.34)A | 30.90 (8.70)B | 28.36 (9.77)AB |
| PANAS Positive Affect | 28.84 (7.24)A | 33.92 (7.30)B | 31.30 (8.51)AB |
| SOPA disability | 2.26 (.80)A | 1.73 (.79) | 1.78 (.83) |
| SOPA Solicitousness | 2.67 (1.16)A | 1.90 (1.25) | 1.91 (1.06) |
| SOPA control | 1.94 (.74) | 2.06 (.82) | 1.73 (.90) |
| SOPA emotion | 3.03 (.92)A | 2.32 (1.20) | 2.43 (1.30) |
|
| |||
| Frequencies N (%)
| |||
| Female Sex | 67 (81.7) | 33 (45.2) | 8 (24.2) |
| Education | |||
| < 12th grade | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (3.0) |
| High school or GED | 8 (9.8) | 11 (15.1) | 2 (6.1) |
| Vocational/Tech School | 6 (7.3) | 10 (13.7) | 2 (6.1) |
| Some College | 24 (29.3) | 18 (24.7) | 13 (39.4) |
| College Graduate | 25 (30.5) | 16 (21.9) | 4 (12.1) |
| Graduate or Prof School | 18 (22.0) | 17 (23.3) | 11 (33.3) |
| Mobility Limitations (GMFCS) | |||
| 0. walk without restrictions | 13 (15.9) | 4 (5.5) | 5 (15.2) |
| 1. walk w/o restrictions, but have limitations in more advanced gross motor skills | 11 (13.4) | 2 (2.7) | 5 (15.2) |
| 2. walk w/o an assistive device and have limits walking outdoors & in the community | 9 (11.0) | 3 (4.1) | 9 (27.3) |
| 3. walk with assistive mobility device & have limits walking outdoors & in the community | 29 (35.4) | 4 (5.5) | 7 (21.2) |
| 4. limited self-mobility with assistance or device & use power mobility outdoors & in community | 12 (14.6) | 25 (34.2) | 4 (12.1) |
| 5. severely limited self-mobility even with use of assistive technology | 8 (9.8) | 35 (47.9) | 3 (9.1) |
Note. GED = General Education Development (high school equivalency test); GMFCS = Gross Motor Functioning Scale; MS = multiple sclerosis, AMP = amputation, SCI = spinal cord injury;
A,B,C
means with different superscripts are significantly different in general linear models with simple group contrasts.