Table 1. Composition of K⁺TiP.

Cl-	94	mM
H2PO4-	1	mM
α-ketoglutarate	2	mM
aspartate	5	mM
Na+	21	mM
K+	131	mM
Mg2+	7	mM
Ca2+	0.02	mM
N-acetylcysteine	27	mM
glycine	9	mM
alanine	5	mM
tryptophan	2	mM
saccharose	27	mM
glucose	9	mM
Desferal	0.075	mM
LK 614	0.015	mM
osmolarity	338	mosm/l
pH	6.93

K⁺TiP was prepared by supplementing 500 mL TiProtec (Dr. Franz Köhler Chemie GmbH, Bensheim, Germany) with 0.871g K₂SO₄ and 3.87g 56.3% w/w potassium lactate and was diluted with 50mL distilled water prior to use. Table 1 shows the final composition of K⁺TiP.