Table 2.
Examples for Apparent Equivalency of Chemo- and Optogenetic Modulation
| Cell Type | DREADD | Opsin | Electrophysiology | Behavior |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AgRP Neurons | hM3Dq (Krashes et al., 2011) | ChR2 (Aponte et al., 2011) | Increased firing | Enhanced feeding |
| ETV-1 subfornical area neurons | hM3Dq (Betley et al., 2015) | ChR2 (Betley et al., 2015) | Increased firing | Enhanced drinking |
| Medial entorhinal cortex cells | hM4Di (Miao et al., 2015) | Arch (Miao et al., 2015) | Decreased firing | Remapping place cells |
| PBN CGRP Projection neurons | hM3Dq (Cai et al., 2014) | ChR2 (Cai et al., 2014) | Increased firing | Diminished feeding |
| Orexin neurons | hM4Di (Sasaki et al., 2011) | Halorhodopsin (Tsunematsu et al., 2011) | Decreased firing | Decreased wakefulness |
| Hippocampus | hM4Di (Zhu et al., 2014) | Arch (Sakaguchi et al., 2015) | Decreased firing | Suppression of contextual fear conditioning |
| Raphe serotonergic neurons | hM3Dq (Urban et al., 2015) | ChR2 (Ohmura et al., 2014) | Increased firing | Anxiogenic |