Basement membrane components: collagen IV, fibronectin, metalloproteinases |
Basolateral |
Bovine aortic arch endothelial cells |
|
98 |
IL-1α, IL-6, IL-10, TNF, GM-CSF |
Apical > basolateral |
Mouse brain endothelial cells |
LPS stimulates apical IL-6 release more when added to the apical than to the basolateral side |
96 |
IL-6 |
Basolateral |
Rat brain microvascular endothelial cells cocultured with astrocytes after flow cessation |
Reperfusion |
99 |
IL-8, GM-CSF |
Apical |
Human dermal microvascular endothelial cells |
|
100 |
MIC-1 (GDF15) |
Basolateral |
|
von Willebrand factor (vWF) |
Basolateral |
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) |
Calcium ionophore or phorbol myristate stimulate basolateral release (constitutive secretion was not polarized) |
101 |
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) |
Basolateral |
Bovine aortic endothelial cells on nitrocellulose membranes |
|
102 |
Cholesterol |
Basolateral |
Porcine brain capillary endothelial cells |
Cholesterol acceptors |
97 |
24(S)-OH cholesterol |
Apical |
HDL3
|
Endothelin-1 |
Basolateral > apical |
HUVEC on amniotic membranes; bovine brain capillary endothelial cells on collagen-coated Millicell CM inserts |
Dexamethasone reduces apical secretion |
103,104 |
Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) |
Basolateral |
Mouse brain endothelial cell line MBEC4 transfected with expression vector |
|
105 |
CCL2 |
Apical > basolateral |
Human brain microvessel endothelial cells |
TNF + Interferon γ enhance binding to basolateral membrane |
106 |
CCL3 |
Basolateral > apical |
TNF + Interferon γ enhance binding to apical membrane |
SDF1 (CXCL12) |
Basolateral/abluminal |
Human hCMEC/D3 cells, mice in vivo |
Inflammation, S1PR2 signaling, female gender are associated with apical/luminal localization |
107 |
Beta-hexosaminidase |
Basolateral |
Human hCMEC/D3 cells |
|
13 |