(a) Experimental, minimally adjusted and predicted (i.e. psoas and iliacus) excitations for eight representative MTUs including: soleus (sol), gastrocnemius lateralis (gaslat), vastus medialis (vasmed), vastus lateralis (vaslat), biceps femoris long head (bicfemlh), semimembranosus (semimem), psoas and iliacus. Data are from walking trials. (b) The reported joint moments are the experimental, those predicted using minimally adjusted excitations (adj. EMG), and those predicted using only experimental excitations (i.e. EMG-linear envelopes). The reported data are from the stance phase with 0% being heel-strike and 100% toe-off events. (Online version in colour.)