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Deformation resistance and cross-sectional area along the jaw of males (a,c) and females (b,d). A linear fit is shown for each parameter. In (a,b), three deformation parameters are compared: resistance against bending caused by biting (Iy), resistance against bending caused by dorsal/ventral forces (Ix) and resistance against torsion (J). In (c,d), the dimensionless shape factors of the deformation resistance parameters are shown. (Online version in colour.)
