Table 2.
Gender differences in flow and social identity.
| Sample by country | Males | Females | t | p | Effect size d | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flow | U.S. | 3.61 (0.53) | 3.64 (0.60) | 0.31 | 0.76 (n.s.) | 0.053 |
| CN | 3.18 (0.58) | 2.97 (0.59) | 1.52 | 0.13 (n.s.) | -0.359 | |
| Spain | 3.52 (0.33) | 3.54 (0.40) | 0.31 | 0.75 (n.s.) | 0.055 | |
| OID | U.S. | 3.36 (0.79) | 3.27 (1.03) | 0.47 | 0.64 (n.s.) | -0.098 |
| CN | 3.17 (0.72) | 3.07 (0.79) | 0.59 | 0.56 (n.s.) | -0.117 | |
| Spain | 3.2 (0.54) | 3.39 (0.57) | 1.72 | 0.09 (n.s.) | 0.342 | |
| Graphical | U.S. | 5.13 (1.25) | 4.82 (1.23) | 1.28 | 0.20 (n.s.) | -0.25 |
| CN | 5.04 (1.16) | 4.72 (1.17) | 1.16 | 0.25 (n.s.) | -0.275 | |
| Spain | 4.82 (0.97) | 4.87 (0.98) | 0.24 | 0.81 (n.s.) | 0.051 | |
OID is the organizational Identification scale developed by Mael and Ashforth (1992), and Graphical is the Bergami and Bagozzi’s (2000) graphical measure.