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. 2015 Dec 23;3(12):e12654. doi: 10.14814/phy2.12654

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© 2015 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Iron levels in blood, urine and kidney. The left panels show that serum iron levels (μg/100 mL) were lower in obese/diabetic ischemic rats, n = 11 (speckled, DMisch, DI; P < 0.002) and in obese diabetic sham‐operated rats, n = 7 (black/white dots, DMsham, or DS; P < 0.002) than in lean sham‐operated rats, n = 6 (gray, LEAN or LS). The clinical laboratory parameter total iron binding capacity (TIBC, μg/100 mL), a surrogate measurement of transferrin, was higher in DMsham (P = 0.04) and DMisch (P < 0.004) than in LEAN. Hence, the percent saturation of serum TIBC (% SAT) by iron was lower in DMsham and DMisch rats (P < 0.002 for both) than in LEAN rats. Urine iron levels (μg/24 h) were also lower in obese/diabetic ischemic rats (DMisch; P < 0.05) and obese/diabetic sham‐operated rats (DMsham) (NS) than in sham‐operated normal rats (LEAN). Levels of renal iron deposits (pixels of renal ferric ferrocyanide × 200 high power filed) were higher in DMisch (P = 2.9 × 10⁻⁶) and DMsham (P = 0.0005) than in LEAN rats. Renal heavy‐chain ferritin levels measured by Western blot were higher in DMisch (P < 0.05) and higher in DMsham (NS) than in LEAN. The ferritin heavy chain data were normalized to the corresponding actin band. The right panels show a positive correlation for serum creatinine levels (mg/100 × 10) and urine protein mg/mg creatinine with renal iron deposits (Top) and a positive correlation among serum creatinine and urine protein with renal ferritin levels (Bottom).