Table 1.

Sample characteristics (N=120).

Variable	Addison's disease	Healthy controls	t / χ²	p	ESE
	(n=60)	(n=60)
Age at diagnosis (years)^a	31.03 (14.41) 3–67
Duration of AD (years)^a	19.33 (13.34) 1–54
Total hydrocortisone dose^b	22.02 (7.23) 5–35
Hydrocortisone/kg^c	0.31 (0.14) 0.10–0.70
Number of doses per day^d	1.95 (0.70) 1–3
Concurrent co-morbid diseases	1.63 (1.71) 0–7
Age	50.57 (14.37) 20–74	49.90 (14.70) 19–77	−0.26	.792	0.05
Body mass index	26.80 (6.02)^e	24.82 (4.02)^f	−1.99	.049^*	0.39
	18.37–42.19	18.20–37.81
Income (in ZAR)^g			4.92	.426	0.21
1000–2499	4	1
2500–5499	8	6
5500–9999	11	7
10,000–19,999	10	10
20,000–30,000	6	11
>30,000	15	19

Note. Body mass index was calculated by dividing the participant's weight by height² (information obtained from the sociodemographic questionnaire). For all of the variables except Income, means (with standard deviations in parentheses) are presented on the top line, and range is presented below that. Regarding the variable Income, ZAR=South African rands; when the study was conducted, the ZAR:US$ exchange rate was 8.65:1. For that variable, actual numbers of participants in each cell are presented. ESE=effect size estimate; in this case, Cohen's d (for the t-tests), or Cramer's V (for the χ² test).

Data based on 58 participants.

Data based on 52 participants; 2 patients did not provide the relevant answers on the sociodemographic questionnaire, and the remaining 6 were prescribed prednisone.

Data based on 51 participants; 3 patients did not provide the relevant answers on the sociodemographic questionnaire, and the remaining 6 were prescribed prednisone.

Data based on 59 participants.

Data based on 48 participants.

Data based on 55 participants.

Data based on 54 participants in each group.

p < .05.