Table 4.
Analysis of Potential Factors Associated with a Shorter Time to Initial Wound Closure among Combat-Wounded (2009–2011)1
| Potential Factors | Univariate Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | Multivariate Hazard Ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Fungal Infection | ||
| Nonfungal wound | 2.36 (1.87, 2.99) | 1.53 (1.17, 2.01) |
| Fungal wound | Reference | Reference |
| Above the knee amputation2 | ||
| No | 1.19 (0.97, 1.46) | 0.66 (0.49, 0.89) |
| Yes | Reference | Reference |
| Blood product transfusions units in 1st 24 hours | ||
| <10 units / missing data | 3.16 (2.42, 4.14) | 2.63 (1.81, 3.82) |
| 10–20 units | 1.70 (1.35, 2.32) | 1.44 (1.10, 1.87) |
| >20 units | Reference | Reference |
| Admission unit – LRMC | ||
| Ward | 2.59 (1.87, 3.59) | 1.53 (1.01, 2.31) |
| Intensive care unit | Reference | Reference |
| SSTI linked to bacterial organism3 | ||
| No | 2.68 (2.11, 3.41) | – |
| Yes | Reference | – |
| SSTI linked to MDRO | ||
| No SSTI | 3.75 (2.69, 5.23) | 2.89 (2.02, 4.11) |
| SSTI not linked to MDRO | 1.96 (1.31, 2.94) | 1.92 (1.27, 2.90) |
| SSTI linked to MDRO | Reference | Reference |
| >1 SSTI between injury and initial wound closure date | ||
| No | 2.62 (1.52, 4.52) | – |
| Yes | Reference | – |
CI – confidence interval; LRMC – Landstuhl Regional Medical Center; MDRO – multidrug-resistant organism; SSTI – skin and soft-tissue infection
1
Hazard ratio greater than one indicates a beneficial outcome; missing data for relevant variables were not included in the models
2
Includes through the knee amputations
3
The factors of SSTI linked to bacterial organisms and SSTI linked to MDROs were highly correlated (chi-square p<0.001). Factor of SSTI linked to MDRO was found to have a better fit in the final model