Table 1.

The characterization of secretory proteins in both ASC-CM and PSC-CM.

Protein name	UniProtKB ID	Gene	Molecular function	Biological process	Subcellular location	Family	Function
Vascular endothelial growth factor	P15692	VEGFA	Developmental protein, growth factor, mitogen	Angiogenesis, differentiation	Secreted	PDGF/VEGF growth factor family	Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis, and induces permeabilization of blood vessels
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor	P09603	CSF1	Cytokine, growth factor	Immunity, inflammatory response, and innate immunity	Cell membrane, membrane, secreted	U/A	Cytokine that plays an essential role in the regulation of survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells, especially mononuclear phagocytes, such as macrophages and monocytes
Stromal cell-derived factor-1	P48061	CXCL12	Cytokine, growth factor	Chemotaxis	Secreted	Chemokine CC family	Chemoattractant active on T-lymphocytes, monocytes, but not neutrophils
Transforming growth factor-β	P01137	TGFB1	Growth factor, mitogen	U/A	Extracellular matrix, secreted	TGF-beta family	Multifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation, and other functions in many cell types
Tumor necrosis factor-α	P01375	TNF	Cytokine	U/A	Cell membrane, membrane, secreted	Tumor necrosis factor family	It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines
Interleukin-1	P01583	IL1A	Cytokine, mitogen, and pyrogen	Inflammatory response	Secreted	IL-1 family	Produced by activated macrophages; IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity
Interleukin-6	P05231	IL-6	Cytokine, growth factor	Acute phase	Secreted	IL-6 family	Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into Ig-secreting cells involved in lymphocyte and monocyte differentiation
Hepatopoietin-A	P14210	HGF	Growth factor, serine protease homolog	U/A	U/A	Peptidase S1 family	Is potent mitogen for mature parenchymal hepatocyte cells, seems to be a hepatotrophic factor, and acts as a growth factor for a broad spectrum of tissues and cell types
Insulin growth factor-1	P05019	IGF1	Growth factor	U/A	Secreted	Insulin family	The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity
Matrix metalloproteinase-2	P08253	MMP2	Hydrolase, metalloprotease, and protease	Angiogenesis, collagen degradation	Cytoplasm, extracellular matrix, membrane, mitochondrion, nucleus, secreted	Peptidase M10A family	Ubiquitous metalloproteinase that is involved in diverse functions such as remodeling of the vasculature, angiogenesis, tissue repair, tumor invasion, inflammation, and atherosclerotic plaque rupture
Interleukin-8	P10145	CXCL8	Cytokine	Chemotaxis, inflammatory response	Secreted	Chemokine CxC family	IL-8 is a chemotactic factor that attracts neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells, but not monocytes. It is also involved in neutrophil activation