Table 1.

Demographic Data of Study Participants

	NFL players	Controls	t test
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	p value
Age (y)	54.53 (8.03)	57.14 (7.62)	0.264
BMI	32.04 (4.47)	28.49 (3.60)	0.007
Years of education	16.39 (0.87)	17.64 (2.10)	0.045*
Years of football total	18.11 (3.49)
Years in NFL	7.80 (2.67)
History of concussion**	446.9 (1077.4)	0.5 (1.53)	0.001*

SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; NFL, National Football League.

^*Satterthwaite correction for unequal variance.

^**Based on self-report after being given a modern definition of concussion using the methods described by Robbins and associates.²⁸