Table 1.
Demographic Information
| Ath-mTBI | Ath | HC | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mean (SD; n) | mean (SD; n) | mean (SD; n) | |
| Age* | 21.0 (1.5; 25) | 20.2 (1.2; 24) | 21.9 (2.2; 27) |
| Education | 13.4 (1.3; 25) | 13.1 (1.2; 24) | 13.7 (1.6; 27) |
| Years football experience | 11.6 (3.8) | 10.6 (2.7) | 0 |
| Diagnosed concussions | 2.1 (1.0) | 0 | 0 |
| Months since last concussion | 10.0 (12.0) | ||
| DTI quality assurance | |||
| Flagged gradients | 0.65 (0.94; 23) | 0.82 (0.73; 22) | 0.59 (0.85; 22) |
| Head motion | 0.26 (0.07; 23) | 0.25 (0.05; 22) | 0.28 (0.06; 22) |
| Football position | |||
| Quarterback | 0 | 1 | |
| Running back | 4 | 2 | |
| Tight end | 0 | 1 | |
| Wide receiver | 7 | 3 | |
| Offensive line | 1 | 3 | |
| Defensive tackle | 1 | 4 | |
| Defensive end | 1 | 2 | |
| Linebacker | 6 | 4 | |
| Defensive back | 5 | 4 | |
| Other sports healthy controls | |||
| Non-athlete | 20 | ||
| Cross Country/track | 6 | ||
| Basketball | 1 | ||
| Medication/health | |||
| Acetaminophen, antibiotic, Mucinex | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Adderall | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Antacid | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Antibiotic | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Loratadine | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Protriptyline | 0 | 0 | 1^ |
| Self-reported ADHD | 3 | 0 | 0 |
*
Indicates significant group differences at p < 0.01. ^Reported taking for headaches. Ath-mTBI, football athletes with concussion history; SD, standard deviation; Ath, football athletes without concussion history; HC, healthy controls; DTI, diffusion tensor imaging; ADHD, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.