Table 2.
Ath-mTBI | Ath | HC | |
---|---|---|---|
mean (SD; n) | mean (SD; n) | mean (SD; n) | |
Symp. Freq. [0-21] | 2.6 (2.2; 16) | 3.7 (2.9; 18) | 3.0 (2.5; 22) |
Symp. Sev. [0-126] | 4.1 (3.5; 16) | 6.5 (5.4; 18) | 5.1 (6.0; 22) |
CSI Freq. [0-12] | 1.5 (1.8; 16) | 2.3 (2.1; 18) | 2.1 (2.0; 22) |
CSI Sev. [0-72] | 1.9 (2.1; 16) | 3.6 (4.0; 18) | 3.5 (4.2; 22) |
Anger [0-100] | 2.6 (8.4; 16) | 1.4 (4.2; 18) | 1.0 (3.2; 22) |
Anxiety [0-100] | 1.9 (3.4; 16) | 3.2 (4.8; 18) | 2.6 (4.6; 22) |
Depression# [0-100] | 0.4 (1.5; 16) | 1.9 (3.7; 18) | 0.3 (0.9; 22) |
Fatigue [0-100] | 7.9 (7.9; 16) | 11.9 (10.2; 18) | 16.1 (15.2; 22) |
Happiness* [0-100] | 64.8 (27.1; 16) | 63.9 (17.2; 18) | 81.2 (15.3; 22) |
Restlessness [0-100] | 3.8 (8.5; 16) | 4.8 (6.8; 18) | 1.8 (2.6; 22) |
Vigor [0-100] | 53.9 (20.7; 16) | 47.4 (21.3; 18) | 53.5 (23.4; 22) |
Code Subs. | 111 (14.4; 19) | 114 (11.8; 16) | 107 (15.9; 22) |
Procedural RT | 108 (14.0; 19) | 108 (13.6; 16) | 105 (12.4; 21) |
Spatial Proc. | 107 (12.3; 19) | 98 (12.6; 16) | 100 (12.7; 21) |
Match to Sample | 105 (15.7; 18) | 101 (11.2; 16) | 108 (13.0; 22) |
Del. Code Subs. | 112 (14.9; 18) | 107 (14.9; 16) | 107 (19.7; 22) |
Memory Search | 109 (16.1; 19) | 107 (15.2; 16) | 106 (9.9; 21) |
Go-no-go | 3.2 (1.4; 18) | 4.1 (1.3; 16) | 3.9 (1.7; 22) |
Math. Proc. | 24.4 (8.5; 19) | 23.5 (6.2; 16) | 23.4 (6.5; 22) |
Simple RT | 108 (9.8; 19) | 108 (7.8; 16) | 103 (11.4; 22) |
p < 0.01; #p < 0.10. Numbers in brackets indicate the minimum and maximum possible scores on self-report scales. All cognitive scores are expressed as standard scores with mean = 100.
ANAM, Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics 4 Sports Medicine Battery; Ath-mTBI, football athletes with concussion history; SD, standard deviation; Ath, football athletes without concussion history; HC, healthy controls; Symp., symptom; Freq., frequency; CSI, concussion symptom inventory; Subs., substitution; RT, reaction time; Del., delayed; Math., Mathematical; Proc., processing.