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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Feb 22.
Published in final edited form as: J Urol. 2015 Apr 25;194(4):1031–1037. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.04.079

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Mechanism of 5AR2 suppression by DNA methylation. (A) DNA methylation adds a methyl group (star) at the carbon-5 position of cytosine residues in CG dinucleotides. (B) In unmethylated DNA (blue CG dinucleotides), chromatin is uncondensed and transcription factors (TF) can bind the gene promoter region, enabling gene expression. (C–D) DNA methylation (red CG dinucleotides with stars) attracts methylated DNA-binding proteins and histone deacetylase complexes (horizontal ovals and diamonds) to form condensed, inactive chromatin that prevents TF binding and silences gene expression (from ref11).