Table 1. Baseline demographics and clinical features in patients with renal insufficiency.
| Characteristic | Group A (n = 1,829) | Group B (n = 142) | Group C (n = 359) | P*-value | Pâ-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | |||||
| Age, years | 65.88 ± 9.63 | 66.30 ± 9.36 | 65.81 ± 9.65 | 0.604 | 0.881 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 1,303 (71.3%) | 123 (86.6%) | 287 (79.9%) | 0.081 | <0.001 |
| Smokers, n (%) | 613 (33.5%) | 55 (38.7%) | 141 (39.3%) | 0.911 | 0.020 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1,106 (60.5%) | 85 (59.9%) | 226 (63.0%) | 0.520 | 0.514 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 414 (22.7%) | 40 (28.2%) | 95 (26.5%) | 0.698 | 0.045 |
| Hyperlipidaemia, n (%) | 241 (13.2%) | 15 (10.6%) | 44 (12.3%) | 0.596 | 0.407 |
| Previous MI, n (%) | 164 (9.0%) | 32 (22.5%) | 64 (17.8%) | 0.228 | <0.001 |
| Previous CABG, n (%) | 5 (0.3%) | 13 (9.2%) | 2 (0.6%) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Weight, kg | 62.62 ± 9.61 | 64.11 ± 9.35 | 63.34 ± 9.74 | 0.423 | 0.053 |
| Biochemical | |||||
| Baseline SCr, μmol/L | 96.17 ± 42.84 | 101.92 ± 33.19 | 94.57 ± 27.13 | 0.020 | 0.756 |
| Baseline CrCl, mL/min | 61.49 ± 17.17 | 59.40 ± 16.63 | 62.33 ± 16.79 | 0.079 | 0.998 |
| CKD stage, CrCl, mL/min | 0.168 | 0.069 | |||
| II (60–90), n (%) | 1,016 (56.7%) | 67 (47.2%) | 199 (56.4%) | ||
| III (30–60), n (%) | 696 (38.8%) | 71 (50.0%) | 144 (40.8%) | ||
| IV–V (<30), n (%) | 81 (4.5%) | 4 (2.8%) | 10 (2.8%) | ||
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.31 ± 1.53 | 4.24 ± 1.25 | 4.32 ± 1.24 | 0.731 | 0.586 |
| Anaemia, n (%) | 624 (34.9%) | 58 (41.4%) | 136 (38.9%) | 0.599 | 0.056 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.52 ± 0.86 | 2.62 ± 0.97 | 2.58 ± 0.88 | 0.718 | 0.208 |
| Clinical Presentation | |||||
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 255 (14.3%) | 26 (18.3%) | 54 (15.2%) | 0.389 | 0.312 |
| Hypotension, n (%) | 23 (1.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 11 (3.1%) | 0.035 | 0.122 |
| LVEF, (%) | 59.54 ± 12.49 | 53.68 ± 14.02 | 56.37 ± 13.58 | 0.061 | <0.001 |
| LVEF <40%, n (%) | 151 (9.7%) | 19 (15.0%) | 43 (13.3%) | 0.648 | 0.013 |
| Mehran risk score | 0.623 | 0.028 | |||
| ≤5 | 1,260 (72.3%) | 88 (62.9%) | 230 (66.3%) | ||
| 6–10 | 351 (20.1%) | 41 (29.3%) | 84 (24.2%) | ||
| 11–15 | 88 (5.0%) | 8 (5.7%) | 21 (6.1%) | ||
| ≥16 | 44 (2.5%) | 3 (2.1%) | 12 (3.5%) | ||
| Medication Therapy | |||||
| ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 1,576 (86.2%) | 125 (88.0%) | 333 (92.8%) | 0.089 | 0.020 |
| ß-blockers, n (%) | 1540(84.2%) | 125(88.0%) | 314(87.5%) | 0.863 | 0.061 |
| Calcium channel blockers, n (%) | 356 (19.5%) | 35 (24.6%) | 61 (17.0%) | 0.050 | 0.859 |
| Statins, n (%) | 1710(93.5%) | 135(95.1%) | 353(98.3%) | 0.039 | <0.001 |
Group A = without chronic total occlusion (CTO); Group B = un-attempted CTO-PCI; Group C = attempted CTO-PCI; MI = myocardial infarction; CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; SCr = serum creatinine; CrCl = creatinine clearance; CKD = chronic kidney disease; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ACEI/ARB = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blocker;
P*, group B vs. group C;
Pâ, group A vs. group B + group C.