Table 3:
Baseline Characteristics of Intervention Group in Included RCTs
| Author, Year | Treatment Protocol | Agea Male, n (%) | Type of Occlusion, n (%) | Prestroke mRS, n (%) | NIHSS (range) | ASPECTS (range) | Status of IVT, n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Berkhemer et al, 201527 | Endovascular treatment consisted of arterial catheterization with a microcatheter and delivered a thrombolytic agent, mechanical thrombectomy, or both. Mechanical treatment was performed in 195 (83.7%) patients. Retrievable stents were used in 190 (81.5%) patients, and other devices in 5 (2.1%) patients | 65.8 (54.5–76.0) 135 (57.9) |
Intracranial ICA: 1 (0.4) ICA with involvement of M1 MCA: 59 (25.3) M1 MCA: 154 (66.1) M2 MCA: 18 (7.7) A1 or A2: 1 (0.4) Extracranial ICA occlusion was included based on physician judgement Extracranial ICA: 75 (32.2) |
mRS 0: 190 (81.5) mRS 1: 21 (9.0) mRS 2: 12 (5.2) mRS > 2: 10 (4.3) |
17 (14–21) | 9 (7–10) | IVT: 203 (87.1) No IVT: 30 (12.9) |
| Campbell et al, 201528 | All patients received IVT at a dose of 0.9 mg/kg as standard care. Patients in the intervention group also had standard of care plus mechanical thrombectomy with the Solitaire device | 68.6 ± 12.3 17 (49) |
ICA: 11 (31) M1 MCA: 20 (57) M2 MCA: 4 (11) |
All patients had to be functionally independent with an mRS score of ≤ 2 prior to AIS | 17 (13–20) | NR | All patients received IVT |
| Goyal et al, 201529 | The neurointerventionist used available thrombectomy devices to achieve reperfusion. The use of retrievable stents was recommended. During thrombus retrieval, suction through a balloon guide catheter in the relevant internal carotid artery was also recommended. Retrievable stents were used in 130/151 patients (86.1 %) who underwent an endovascular procedure; 100/130 (77.0%) received a Solitaire stent. | 71 (60–81) 79 (47.9) |
ICA with involvement of the M1 MCA segment: 45/163 (27.6) M1 or all M2 MCA segments: 111/163 (68.1) Single M2 MCA segment: 6/163 (3.7) Ipsilateral cervical carotid occlusion plus one of the above: 21 (12.7) |
All patients had to be functionally independent prior to AIS with a score on the Barthel Index of ≥ 90 | 16 (13–20) | 9 (8–10) | IVT: 119 (72.7) No IVT: 45 (27.3) |
| Jovin et al, 201530 | Medical therapy (including IVT when eligible) and endovascular treatment with the Solitaire stent retriever | 65.7 ± 11.3 55 (53.4) |
Intracranial ICA without involvement of M1: 0 (0) Terminal internal carotid artery with involvement of M1 MCA: 26/102 (25.5) M1 MCA: 66/102 (64.7) Single M2 MCA: 10/102 (9.8) Ipsilateral cervical carotid occlusion: 19/102 (18.6) |
All patients had to have a prestroke mRS of 0–1 | 17 (14–20) | 7 (6–9) | IVT: 70 (68.0) No IVT: 32 (32.0) |
| Saver et al, 201531 | Mechanical thrombectomy with the Solitaire FR (Flow Restoration) or Solitaire 2 device. Concomitant stenting of the cervical internal carotid artery was not permitted, although angioplasty could be performed to permit intracranial access | 65.0 ± 12.5 54/98 (55.1) |
ICA: 17/93 (18.0) M1 MCA: 62/93 (67.0) M2 MCA: 13/93 (14.0) |
mRS 0 or 1: 96/98 (98) | 17 (13–20) | 9 (7–10) | All patients received IVT |
Abbreviations: AIS, acute ischemic stroke; ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score; ICA, internal carotid artery; IVT, intravenous thrombolysis; MCA, middle cerebral artery; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; NR, not reported; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SD, standard deviation.
a
Age is reported as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range).