Table 6. Summary of the results from different pregnant women populations.
| Country (yeara) | Trimester | Mean age (n) | PFASs median levels | Major associations (M: maternal; C: cord) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canada (2005–2006) | 2nd trimester | 31. 6 years (96 cases) 31.0 years (175 controls) | Case/Control levels (nmol/L)PFOA: 3.94/3.62 PFOS: 15.50/16.43PFHxS: 2.47/2.35 | No correlations | Chan et al.39 |
| South Korea (2008–2009) | Most in 3rd trimester | 32 years (44) | Maternal/Fetal levels (ng/mL)PFOA: 1.46/1.15 PFOS: 2.93/1.26 PFUnA: 0.60/–PFNA: 0.44/0.45 PFHxS: 0.55/0.34 PFTrDA: 0.24/0.47PFDA: 0.31/0.19 PFHpS: 0.09/0.06 | M-PFOS & C-T3 (negative)M-PFTrDA & C-T3, C-T4 (positive) | Kim et al.40 |
| Norway (2003–2004) | 2nd trimester | 30 years (903) | Maternal levels (ng/mL)PFOA: 2.15 PFOS: 12.81 PFUnA: 0.22PFNA: 0.39 PFHxS: 0.60PFDA: 0.09 PFHpS: 0.13 | M- PFOS & M-TSH (positive) | Wang et al.41 |
| Taiwan, China (2000–2001) | 3rd trimester | 28.8 years (285) | Maternal levels (ng/mL)PFOA: 2.39 PFOS: 12.73 PFUnA: 3.26PFNA: 1.51 PFHxS: 0.81 PFDoA: 0.36PFDA: 0.46 | M-PFNA, M-PFUnA, M-PFDoA& M-FT4, M-T4 (negative)& C-T3, T4 (negative)M-PFDA & M-T3 (positive)& C-T3 (negative)M-PFHxS & M-TSH (positve) | Wang et al.42 |
| Norway (2007–2009) | 2nd trimester | 31 years (378) | Maternal levels (ng/mL)PFOA: 1.53 PFOS: 8.03 PFUnA: 0.26PFNA: 0.56 PFHxS: 0.44PFDA: 0.23 PFHpS: 0.10 | Women within the highest PFOS quartile (11.1-35.9 ng/mL) has higher TSH | Berg et al.44 |
| Beijing, China (2013) | 1–2 day before delivery | 29.8 years (157) | Maternal/Fetal levels (ng/mL)PFOA: 1.64/1.15 PFOS: 4.41/1.18 PFUnA: 0.40/0.12PFNA: 0.46/0.20 PFHxS: 0.50/0.18 PFDoA: 0.041/0.021PFDA: 0.37/0.10 | M-PFASs & M-TSH (negative) C-PFASs & M-T3, M-FT3 (negative) | This study |
M: maternal; C: cord; n, number. aSampling year.