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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Feb 19.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2016 Feb 19;118(4):653–667. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306256

Figure 3. Pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators balance macrophage phenotype.

Figure 3

A large number of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators act on macrophages through binding to specific receptors and activation of intracellular signaling pathways. The balance between pro-inflammatory mediators (indicated by red) and pro-resolving mediators (indicated by turquoise) determines the macrophage phenotype. Effects on atherosclerosis are indicated by arrows.