Table 4. Adjusted odds ratios for repeated suicide-related behaviors and deaths by suicide according to a logistic model (n = 57,874).
| Repeated suicide-related behaviors | Deaths by suicide | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β estimate | AORabe | 95% CI | Nagelkerke R2 | β estimate | AORace | 95% CI | Nagelkerke R2 | |
| Catastrophic illness | .009 | .067 | ||||||
| Yes | 0.436 | 1.546*** | 1.410–1.694 | 0.679 | 1.972*** | 1.760–2.209 | ||
| No | 0 | 1.00 | reference | 0 | 1.00 | reference | ||
| Psychiatric diagnosis | ||||||||
| Schizophrenia | 0.787 | 2.196*** | 2.023–2.384 | .017 | 0.158 | 1.171* | 1.007–1.363 | .060 |
| BD | 1.163 | 3.200*** | 2.928–3.499 | .026 | -0.259 | 0.772* | 0.619–0.962 | .060 |
| MDD | 1.212 | 3.361*** | 3.166–3.568 | .058 | -0.529 | 0.589*** | 0.518–0.669 | .064 |
| PDs | 1.398 | 4.045*** | 3.666–4.464 | .030 | -0.836 | 0.433*** | 0.297–0.632 | .061 |
| ARDs | 0.745 | 2.107*** | 1.925–2.306 | .014 | -0.637 | 0.529*** | 0.433–0.646 | .062 |
| ADs | 0.586 | 1.796*** | 1.634–1.975 | .011 | -2.117 | 0.120*** | 0.076–0.192 | .069 |
| Suicide method | .007 | .061 | ||||||
| Single method | 0 | 1.00 | reference | 0 | 1.00 | reference | ||
| Multiple methods | 0.335 | 1.398*** | 1.197–1.632 | 0.054 | 1.056** | 0.918–1.214 | ||
| Main suicide methodd | .060 | |||||||
| Poisoning | 0 | 1.00 | reference | |||||
| Domestic gas | 0.376 | 1.456 | 0.859–2.470 | |||||
| Gassing | -0.380 | 0.684*** | 0.558–0.839 | |||||
| Hanging | 1.993 | 7.340*** | 6.401–8.418 | |||||
| Drowning | 1.184 | 3.268*** | 2.372–4.504 | |||||
| Firearms | 1.874 | 6.513*** | 3.850–11.019 | |||||
| Cutting | -0.911 | 0.402*** | 0.339–0.477 | |||||
| Jumping | 1.585 | 4.879*** | 4.089–5.822 | |||||
| Unspecified means | 0.155 | 1.168 | 0.970–1.405 | |||||
Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BD, bipolar disorder; MDD, major depressive disorder; PDs, personality disorders; ARDs, alcohol-related disorders; ADs, adjustment disorders.
a Odds ratio of 1.00 indicates reference group.
b The reference category is single behavior.
c The reference category is alive.
d If two self-injury methods were used simultaneously, the first E-code was adopted.
e Adjusted for gender, age at hospitalization for first-time suicide-related behaviors, and income level.
* p < 0.05;
** p < 0.01;
*** p < 0.001.