Fig. 6.

Spatial characterization of incoming and outgoing cross-frequency coupling (CFC) metrics. A. For each subject, PAC outgoing connectivity and rsfMRI maps were overlaid in order to illustrate the remarkable similarities in spatial patterns across the two maps. Note, the color scheme for the fMRI was adjusted (relative to Figs. 1 & 5) to a cool scheme and significantly coupled electrodes were inflated in size to better reveal the contrast between single electrode and the underlying fMRI data. For these purposes, significantly coupled electrodes were colored red independent of coupling magnitude. B. Reveals the cumulative sum of significant (at an alpha level of 0.05 with respect to the shuffling permutation test) coupled interactions. C. Example of a significant linear regression from a representative subject, plotting rsfMRI Z-scores relative to the normalized PAC outgoing values across all electrodes within that montage. Red points denote electrodes with statistically significant CFC. D. Normalized correlation coefficients (r-to-z-transformed correlation) binned across subjects for each cross-frequency coupling metric. Bars reflect standard error of the mean. E. A matrix revealing statistically significant (in green) regressions between CFC and rsfMRI maps for each subject.