Table 1.
Subjects characteristics, living in urban area and incidence of cough lasting more than 3 weeks in the preceding year in children not exposed (no-ETS) and exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).
| no-ETS | ETS | |
|---|---|---|
| No. | 247 | 43 |
| Girls | 119 | 19 |
| Boys | 128 | 24 |
| HEIGHT (cm) | ||
| Girls | 160.0 (14.2) | 150.8 (16.0)** |
| Boys | 165.6 (15.4)§§ | 153.4 (17.5)** |
| WEIGHT (kg) | ||
| Girls | 49.8 (11.7) | 44.6 (12.8) |
| Boys | 55.1 (14.6)§§ | 42.7 (15.1)** |
| FEV1 (% PREDICTED) | ||
| Girls | 91.4 (10.0) | 89.6 (15.7) |
| Boys | 96.8 (13.9)§§ | 96.1 (12.6) |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | ||
| Girls | 91.5 (7.0) | 87.5 (10.0)* |
| Boys | 89.7 (8.1) | 87.8 (4.7) |
| CRS# | ||
| Girls | 79.9 (56.4–112.2) | 22.3 (9.8–50.2)* |
| Boys | 64.9 (46.5–90.9) | 121.4 (58.2–253.1)§§ |
| URBAN AREA | ||
| Girls | 81 (68.1) | 17 (89.5) |
| Boys | 91 (71.1) | 19 (79.2) |
| WET COUGH | ||
| At least 1 episode | 73 (29.5) | 13 (30.2) |
| Girls | 34 (28.6) | 6 (31.6) |
| Boys | 39 (30.5) | 7 (29.2) |
| More than 1 episode | 23 (9.3) | 4 (9.5) |
| Girls | 9 (7.6) | 2 (10.5) |
| Boys | 14 (11.0) | 2 (8.7) |
| DRY COUGH | ||
| At least 1 episode | 56 (22.7) | 15 (34.9) |
| Girls | 26 (21.8) | 7 (36.8) |
| Boys | 30 (23.4) | 8 (33.3) |
| More than 1 episode | 14 (5.7) | 7 (16.7)** |
| Girls | 4 (3.4) | 4 (22.2)** |
| Boys | 10 (7.9) | 3 (12.5) |
Between groups comparisons of subjects characteristics performed by two sample T-test. Between groups comparisons of living in urban area and cough incidence provided by χ2 test (if n ≥ 5) or Fisher's exact test. Results are presented as mean (SD) or n (%), except where indicated.
#
mean (95% CI).
Significance of difference between two exposition groups of the same gender at the level of
**
p < 0.01,
*
p < 0.05.
Significance of difference between gender of the same exposition group at the level of §p < 0.05,
§§
p < 0.01.