Table 1. Clinical and blood biochemical characteristics by subtypes of obese subjects.
| Variables | Overall | Metabolically healthy obesity | Metabolically abnormal obesity | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | 485 | 200 | 285 | |
| Age (years) | 54.1 ± 7.1 | 53.4 ± 7.2 | 54.5 ± 7.1 | 0.082 |
| Gender (female, n, %) | 352 (73) | 152 (76) | 200 (70) | 0.157 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.1 ± 2.7 | 26.4 ± 2.6 | 27.5 ± 2.7 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 94.1 ± 6.7 | 92.9 ± 6.3 | 94.9 ± 6.8 | 0.001 |
| Current smokers (n, %) | 74(15) | 30(15) | 44(15) | 0.895 |
| Current alcohol drinking (n, %) | 133(27.4) | 58(29.0) | 75(26.3) | 0.514 |
| Physical activity (Met/h. week) | 8.0(23.1–46.2) | 23.6(8.8–52.3) | 23.1(7.7–46.2) | 0.768 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 129.5 ± 16.1 | 121.4 ± 13.5 | 135.2 ± 15.4 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 77.7 ± 10.1 | 73.2 ± 8.5 | 80.9 ± 9.9 | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.60(1.17–2.18) | 1.19(0.93–1.47) | 1.97(1.60–2.65) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.76 ± 1.00 | 5.56 ± 0.89 | 5.89 ± 1.04 | <0.001 |
| LDL- cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.76 ± 0.98 | 3.65 ± 0.89 | 3.84 ± 1.04 | 0.039 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.31 ± 0.26 | 1.41 ± 0.25 | 1.23 ± 0.23 | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.52 ± 0.52 | 5.27 ± 0.40 | 5.70 ± 0.51 | <0.001 |
| 2-h glucose (mmol/L) | 7.85 ± 1.93 | 7.13 ± 1.57 | 8.36 ± 2.00 | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.84(1.94–4.01) | 2.09(1.53–2.95) | 3.32(2.46–4.65) | <0.001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 25.6 ± 13.6 | 22.4 ± 12.4 | 27.9 ± 14.0 | <0.001 |
| AST (U/L) | 23.6 ± 6.8 | 22.8 ± 6.1 | 24.2 ± 7.2 | 0.027 |
| GGT (U/L) | 35.5 ± 23.1 | 30.8 ± 20.6 | 38.8 ± 24.2 | <0.001 |
| Uric acid (mmol/L) | 346.6 ± 92.0 | 318.1 ± 83.4 | 366.6 ± 92.6 | <0.001 |
| Body fat percent (%) | 33.8 ± 5.6 | 34.0 ± 5.4 | 33.7 ± 5.8 | 0.594 |
| CIMT(mm) | 0.73 ± 0.16 | 0.70 ± 0.14 | 0.76 ± 0.16 | <0.001 |
| IHTG content (%) | 13.9 ± 10.1 | 10.5 ± 9.3 | 16.3 ± 9.9 | <0.001 |
CIMT = carotid intima-media thickness; BMI = body mass index; HOMA-IR = homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; IHTG content = intrahepatic triglyceride content;
Data are presented as the mean ± SD or median (interquartile range).