Table 2. Percentage kill within plaque biofilms deposited on acrylic disks in vivo.

Parameter		Control side* (n = 32 subjects)	Experimental side* (n = 3 subjects)	P value†	95% CI‡ for difference of means
Biovolume		3.74 ± 2.11	33.94 ± 23.88	≤0.001	21.74–38.68
Biomass**	0 μm	7.45 ± 3.54	29.40 ± 11.01	≤0.001	17.86–26.04
	1 μm	6.84 ± 3.17	28.54 ± 10.83	≤0.001	17.71–25.69
	2 μm	6.41 ± 2.93	27.47 ± 10.57	≤0.001	17.19–24.94
	3 μm	5.95 ± 2.78	26.52 ± 10.50	≤0.001	16.74–24.41
	4 μm	5.46 ± 2.78	25.63 ± 10.44	≤0.001	16.37–23.98
	5 μm	5.05 ± 2.40	24.38 ± 9.66	≤0.001	15.82–22.85
	6 μm	4.93 ± 2.35	23.11 ± 9.01	≤0.001	14.89–21.47
	7 μm	4.91 ± 2.63	21.91 ± 8.69	≤0.001	13.79–20.21
	8 μm	4.32 ± 2.60	19.98 ± 7.89	≤0.001	12.72–18.59
	9 μm	4.42 ±3.06	19.63 ± 7.43	≤0.001	12.28–18.14
	10 μm	4.30 ± 3.23	18.78 ±7.79	≤0.001	11.35–17.61
	11 μm	4.51 ± 2.66	18.94 ± 9.39	≤0.001	10.57–18.18

*Values are means ± standard deviations (in percentages).

**Numbers represent distance from the bottom of biofilms. Because biofilms have different thickness, only slice levels that were present in all biofilms derived from the control side and the experiment side were statistically analysed.

^†Dunn–Šidák correction was used to control the family-wise error rate for testing 12 hypotheses (i.e. 12 slices within the Z-stacks) using the same biofilm specimens. Accordingly, only a P value < 0.00427 was considered significantly different between the control side and the experimental side.

^‡Confidence interval.