Table 2.
Age-adjusted prevalence (standard error) of excessive daytime sleepiness among participants aged ≥18 years, National Health Interview Survey 2002–2012.
| 2002 |
2007 |
2012 |
P trend | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % (SE) | N | % (SE) | N | % (SE) | ||
| Total-crude | 30970 | 9.8 (0.2) | 23344 | 10.2 (0.2) | 34509 | 12.7 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Total-age-adjusted | 30970 | 9.8 (0.2) | 23344 | 10.2 (0.2) | 34509 | 12.7 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | |||||||
| 18–24 | 3358 | 10.7 (0.7) | 2493 | 9.6 (0.8) | 3416 | 14.5 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| 25–34 | 5865 | 8.8 (0.5) | 4189 | 9.7 (0.5) | 6111 | 13.1 (0.5) | <0.001 |
| 35–44 | 6480 | 9.4 (0.4) | 4334 | 9.2 (0.5) | 5759 | 11.3 (0.5) | 0.006 |
| 45–54 | 5470 | 10.1 (0.5) | 4364 | 9.9 (0.6) | 5952 | 12.5 (0.6) | 0.002 |
| 55–64 | 3962 | 9.4 (0.5) | 3397 | 10.5 (0.6) | 5893 | 12.1 (0.5) | <0.001 |
| 65–74 | 2955 | 8.8 (0.6) | 2408 | 10.8 (0.8) | 3975 | 11.5 (0.6) | 0.003 |
| 75 + | 2880 | 12.5 (0.7) | 2159 | 14.5 (0.9) | 3403 | 15.1 (0.9) | 0.019 |
| Sex | |||||||
| Men | 13474 | 8.6 (0.3) | 10343 | 8.9 (0.3) | 15267 | 10.8 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Women | 17496 | 11.0 (0.3) | 13001 | 11.5 (0.3) | 19242 | 14.5 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Race or ethnicity | |||||||
| White | 20382 | 10.2 (0.3) | 14019 | 10.9 (0.3) | 20831 | 13.7 (0.4) | <0.001 |
| African American | 4178 | 9.4 (0.5) | 3696 | 9.5 (0.6) | 5279 | 12.0 (0.5) | 0.001 |
| Hispanic | 5267 | 8.8 (0.5) | 4192 | 9.2 (0.6) | 5858 | 10.9 (0.5) | 0.005 |
| Others | 1143 | 8.1 (1.0) | 1437 | 8.5 (0.9) | 2541 | 10.0 (1.0) | 0.155 |
| Hypertension | |||||||
| Yes | 6366 | 17.5 (1.0) | 5447 | 17.3 (1.0) | 8320 | 22.8 (1.3) | 0.001 |
| No | 24492 | 8.4 (0.2) | 17838 | 8.6 (0.2) | 24566 | 10.8 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Any coronary heart disease | |||||||
| Yes | 2010 | 25.6 (3.2) | 1553 | 17.9 (1.7) | 2520 | 32.7 (2.9) | 0.102 |
| No | 28893 | 9.1 (0.2) | 21752 | 9.7 (0.2) | 31943 | 11.9 (0.2) | <0.001 |
| Stroke | |||||||
| Yes | 787 | 32.9 (4.8) | 646 | 21.1 (2.9) | 1113 | 35.0 (4.2) | 0.739 |
| No | 30147 | 9.4 (0.2) | 22680 | 9.8 (0.2) | 33377 | 12.2 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Cancer | |||||||
| Yes | 2258 | 20.4 (1.7) | 1780 | 21.9 (2.4) | 3115 | 24.2 (2.2) | 0.171 |
| No | 28684 | 9.3 (0.2) | 21549 | 9.9 (0.2) | 31380 | 12.1 (0.2) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | |||||||
| Yes | 2179 | 21.9 (1.8) | 2028 | 20.3 (2.0) | 3526 | 24.5 (2.2) | 0.362 |
| No | 28476 | 9.0 (0.2) | 21089 | 9.3 (0.2) | 30473 | 11.6 (0.2) | <0.001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | |||||||
| Yes | 1791 | 28.0 (1.5) | 1090 | 30.7 (2.1) | 1773 | 35.3 (2.0) | 0.003 |
| No | 29168 | 8.8 (0.2) | 22247 | 9.3 (0.2) | 32731 | 11.6 (0.2) | <0.001 |
| Asthma | |||||||
| Yes | 2159 | 20.6 (1.1) | 1746 | 19.8 (1.1) | 2865 | 24.9 (1.1) | 0.005 |
| No | 28729 | 9.0 (0.2) | 21558 | 9.4 (0.2) | 31591 | 11.6 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Joint pain | |||||||
| Yes | 9305 | 19.3 (0.6) | 6554 | 20.9 (0.8) | 10974 | 24.7 (0.7) | <0.001 |
| No | 21624 | 6.3 (0.2) | 16773 | 6.6 (0.2) | 23522 | 8.1 (0.2) | <0.001 |
| Current smoking | |||||||
| Yes | 6913 | 13.6 (0.5) | 4365 | 13.7 (0.7) | 6435 | 17.8 (0.7) | <0.001 |
| No | 23733 | 8.6 (0.2) | 18588 | 9.1 (0.3) | 27808 | 11.4 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Heavy drinking | |||||||
| Yes | 1534 | 9.5 (0.9) | 1106 | 10.3 (1.1) | 1759 | 14.0 (1.1) | 0.001 |
| No | 28451 | 9.9 (0.2) | 21342 | 10.3 (0.3) | 32021 | 12.5 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Binge drinking | |||||||
| Yes | 5732 | 10.3 (0.6) | 4262 | 10.4 (0.7) | 7227 | 12.2 (0.6) | 0.021 |
| No | 24189 | 9.6 (0.3) | 18035 | 10.1 (0.3) | 26395 | 12.4 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Looking for work | |||||||
| Yes | 1103 | 11.8 (1.4) | 647 | 11.3 (1.4) | 2077 | 14.1 (0.9) | 0.180 |
| No | 29804 | 9.7 (0.2) | 22664 | 10.1 (0.2) | 32408 | 12.4 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 | |||||||
| Yes | 8663 | 13.4 (0.4) | 7116 | 14.0 (0.5) | 10918 | 16.8 (0.5) | <0.001 |
| No | 22307 | 8.4 (0.2) | 16228 | 8.5 (0.3) | 23591 | 10.7 (0.3) | <0.001 |