Functional domains identified by optical imaging of intrinsic signals. (A) (Left) Cranial window for intrinsic optical imaging and single-unit recording. (Right) Gray circle, location of the window; dashed line, V1/V2 border; L.S., lunate sulcus. (B) Three functional maps (color, orientation, and direction) obtained by optical imaging of intrinsic signals and blood vessel pattern of the same cortical area, overlaid with expected stripe borders defined previously by cytochrome oxidase staining (Materials and Methods). Arrowheads, different stripes. A, anterior; M, medial.