Table 5. Comparison of selected national socioeconomic indicators in pairs of countries with differing progress in sanitation coverage, 2000–2012.

Characteristic	Pair 1			Pair 2			Pair 3
	Costa Rica	Dominican Republic		Paraguay	Peru		Kenya	Rwanda
Country clustera	3	3		4	4		5	5
Geographical area	Central America and the Caribbean	Central America and the Caribbean		South America	South America		East Africa	Central/East Africa
Normalized rate	0.44	0.03		0.42	0.05		0.20	1.0
Initial coverage (%)	94.1	92.2		65.2	68.8		50.3	52.0
Per-capita gross national income (current US$)	3704	2596		1346	2052		421	233
Per-capita level of official development assistance for sanitation and water (constant 2011 US$)	0.13	0.61		0.07	0.65		0.85	0.84
Per-capita volume of renewable internal freshwater resources (m3)	27 456	2350		16 872	60 457		627	1057
Gini coefficientb	46.5	52.0		57.0	50.8		42.5	51.5
Government effectivenessc	0.25	–0.33		–1.17	–0.09		–0.54	–0.65

US$: United States dollars.

^a As defined by Onda et al.²⁷

^b The lower the Gini coefficient, the greater the equality.

^c As defined by the World Bank.¹⁹ The higher the value, the stronger the performance of governance.