Table 1.
Anthropometric and metabolic data of participants
| NGT (n = 218) | T2D (n = 95) | LADA (n = 82) | T1D (n = 81) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (%) | 40.4 (88) | 47.4 (45) | 59.8 (49)** | 54.3 (44) |
| Age (years) | 41.37 ± 13.52 | 48.78 ± 12.58*** | 52.48 ± 14.21***‡‡‡ | 28.53 ± 16.21***††† |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.10 ± 3.77 | 24.20 ± 3.39* | 22.40 ± 3.15††‡‡‡ | 19.52 ± 3.17***††† |
| SBP (mmHg)¶ | 111 (105–122) | 128 (118–140)** | 118 (110–130)*‡‡‡ | 110 (99–123)† |
| DBP (mmHg)¶ | 74 (70–80) | 80 (70–90)* | 77 (71–83) | 72 (65–80)† |
| TG (mmol/L)§ | 1.05 (0.69–1.61) | 2.06 (1.21–2.93)*** | 1.22 (0.80–1.96)††† | 0.92 (0.65–1.47)††† |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.90 ± 1.00 | 5.26 ± 1.22* | 4.83 ± 1.28† | 4.57 ± 1.32† |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.74 ± 0.87 | 3.21 ± 1.06** | 2.90 ± 1.10 | 2.70 ± 1.17 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L)¶ | 1.36 (1.14–1.58) | 1.08 (0.85–1.31)*** | 1.20 (0.94–1.50)* | 1.24 (0.91–1.59)† |
| HbA1c (%)¶ | NA | 7.10 (5.90–9.50) | 7.40 (6.20–9.73) | 8.10 (7.10–11.80)† |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | NA | 54 (41–80) | 57 (44–83) | 65 (54–105) |
| FPG (mmol/L)¶ | 5.09 (4.70–5.40) | 7.22 (5.85–9.46)*** | 8.00 (6.31–10.29)*** | 8.49 (5.94–12.60)*** |
| FCP (nmol/L)¶ | 0.42 (0.33–0.54) | 0.53 (0.35–0.76) | 0.31 (0.14–0.50)***†††‡‡‡ | 0.06 (0.03–0.18)***††† |
Data are % (n), mean ± SD, and median (25th–75th percentile). NA, not appropriate. DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
¶Compared by the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test.
§Compared after log transformation.
*P < 0.05 compared with NGT.
**P < 0.01 compared with NGT.
***P < 0.001 compared with NGT.
†P < 0.05 compared with T2D.
††P < 0.01 compared with T2D.
†††P < 0.001 compared with T2D.
‡‡‡P < 0.001 compared with T1D.